Sunday, May 23, 2010
What does the shelf life of a drug mean?
Answers:
It means that the active ingedient in the drug hasn't been tested for efficacy beyond that point, or that testing has shown reduced efficacy beyond that point. In most cases the reason is the former, not the latter. Meaning that after the specified date the drug may be less effective than advertised, thereby requiring labeling showing known shelf life.In other words, if you have 500mg tablets of Prilosec (The Purple Pill) with an expiration date of March 1, 2007, that means that the drug has been tested to be effective as advertised from the time the process on that particular batch was complete until the expiration date.Consumption AFTER the expiration date doesn't indicate that the drug will have adverse effects. It indicates that the effects may be reduced.
Means that beyond that date you should not consume the drug.
Same as the date on a carton of milk.
It is guaranteed fresh %26 good until that date.
How long the drug will last till it goes bad and non-edible.
it is the length of time a drug is safe to consume. but it differs from expiry date. the shelf life means the quality is optimal and beyond that it is still safe to consume but quality is no longer guaranteed.
the shelf life of a drug is the span of time when the drug is still effective and can be administered without any side effects
I am a med lab technologist and patient care technician, I also have my home nursing degree, the expiry date is just that.it has expired.it wont kill you if you take it, beyong popular belief, pills do not go bad or get spoiled.it just loses its potency. The effectiveness of the drug is not guarenteed after that date.
it's the expiration date. it can only be on the shelf for a certain amount of time before the potency goes down
Shelf life of a drug product is defined as the length of time, under the specific storage conditions, the drug product remains within specifications established to ensure its identity, purity, quality, and strength.
Let me give you an example. I don't know that you would consider hydrogen peroxide a legit "drug", but you may use it like a topical drug. Hydrogen peroxide has a half life. After a few years, any bottle of proxide solution will turn into a bottle of water (plus oxygen, which would probably slowly leak out.). Any drug you come across may have similar half lifes.. (although I can't say for certain what they would be, I'm not a chemist). Some drugs have a much longer storage life than others. I think asprin has an incredibly long shelf life. But the second factor is time itself. Some drugs are sensitive to moisture In the case of hydrogen peroxide, Ultraviolet exposure. The chances that any particular drug may have had something happen to it increase over time, therefore the likelyhood that any one pill will be as effective as when it was originally bought is deminished.Finally, drugmakers would like turnover, so its rather profitable for them to set limited shelf lifes. Please note: Antibiotics are netoriously short in shelf life. If you have old antibiotic ointments lying around, get rid of them because they won't do you any good.
Shelf life is just that.It is the amount of time the store can keep it on the shelf.It loses some of its potential after that.
what does the RX on doctors prescription mean??
on doctors prescriptions there is always an RX sign at the beginning of the 1st line, u can c tis sign also in pharmacies, what does it mean, or what does it stands for??
Answers:
The simple, quick answer--but not the only (or most romantic) one--is that Rx is an abbreviation for the Latin word "recipere" or "recipe," which means "Take, thou."
The symbol "Rx" meaning "prescription" is a transliteration of a symbol resembling a capital R with a cross on the diagonal (鈩?.There are various theories about the origin of this symbol - some note its similarity to the Eye of Horus, others to the ancient symbol for Jupiter, both gods whose protection may have been sought in medical contexts. Alternatively, it may be intended as an abbreviation of the Latin "recipe", the imperative form of "recipere", "to take"[2], and it is quite possible that more than one of these factors influenced its form. Literally, "Recipe" means simply "Take.." and when a doctor writes a prescription beginning with "Rx", he or she is completing the command. This was probably originally directed at the pharmacist who needed to take a certain amount of each ingredient to compound the medicine, rather than at the patient who must "take" the medicine, in the sense of consuming it.
Prescription
Rx means exactly that, prescription.Rx - is a short form of some word in Latin, I think.
The symbol "Rx" meaning "prescription" is a transliteration of a symbol resembling a capital R with a cross on the diagonal (鈩?.There are various theories about the origin of this symbol - some note its similarity to the Eye of Horus, others to the ancient symbol for Jupiter, both gods whose protection may have been sought in medical contexts. Alternatively, it may be intended as an abbreviation of the Latin "recipe", the imperative form of "recipere", "to take"[2], and it is quite possible that more than one of these factors influenced its form. Literally, "Recipe" means simply "Take.." and when a doctor writes a prescription beginning with "Rx", he or she is completing the command. This was probably originally directed at the pharmacist who needed to take a certain amount of each ingredient to compound the medicine, rather than at the patient who must "take" the medicine, in the sense of consuming it.Incidentally, in an entirely unrelated context (communications), "Rx" is an abbreviation for "receiver" or "to receive" and, in the same context, "Tx" is an abbreviation for "transmitter" or "to transmit."The word "prescription" can be decomposed into "pre" and "script" and literally means, "to write before" a drug can be prepared. Those within the industry will often call prescriptions simply "scripts".Rx can refer to:the symbol that originated in medical prescriptions. "鈩?quot; (also written as "Rx") and "medical prescription" are sometimes used interchangeably. The use of 鈩?in prescriptions originated as an astrological symbol that was written for talismanic reasons at the start of medical prescriptions. Later it changed into 鈩?(an uppercase R with its tail crossed), and was used as an abbreviation for the Latin word recipe = "take" (imperative), i.e. an instruction to the pharmacist to take the items listed in order to prepare the medicine. When printing came, it was rendered as "Rx"
Rx or legend drug is a legal description in the United States for drugs that are only available on prescription from a licensed medical practitioner but are not controlled substances.
Taken from:
Answers:
The simple, quick answer--but not the only (or most romantic) one--is that Rx is an abbreviation for the Latin word "recipere" or "recipe," which means "Take, thou."
The symbol "Rx" meaning "prescription" is a transliteration of a symbol resembling a capital R with a cross on the diagonal (鈩?.There are various theories about the origin of this symbol - some note its similarity to the Eye of Horus, others to the ancient symbol for Jupiter, both gods whose protection may have been sought in medical contexts. Alternatively, it may be intended as an abbreviation of the Latin "recipe", the imperative form of "recipere", "to take"[2], and it is quite possible that more than one of these factors influenced its form. Literally, "Recipe" means simply "Take.." and when a doctor writes a prescription beginning with "Rx", he or she is completing the command. This was probably originally directed at the pharmacist who needed to take a certain amount of each ingredient to compound the medicine, rather than at the patient who must "take" the medicine, in the sense of consuming it.
Prescription
Rx means exactly that, prescription.Rx - is a short form of some word in Latin, I think.
The symbol "Rx" meaning "prescription" is a transliteration of a symbol resembling a capital R with a cross on the diagonal (鈩?.There are various theories about the origin of this symbol - some note its similarity to the Eye of Horus, others to the ancient symbol for Jupiter, both gods whose protection may have been sought in medical contexts. Alternatively, it may be intended as an abbreviation of the Latin "recipe", the imperative form of "recipere", "to take"[2], and it is quite possible that more than one of these factors influenced its form. Literally, "Recipe" means simply "Take.." and when a doctor writes a prescription beginning with "Rx", he or she is completing the command. This was probably originally directed at the pharmacist who needed to take a certain amount of each ingredient to compound the medicine, rather than at the patient who must "take" the medicine, in the sense of consuming it.Incidentally, in an entirely unrelated context (communications), "Rx" is an abbreviation for "receiver" or "to receive" and, in the same context, "Tx" is an abbreviation for "transmitter" or "to transmit."The word "prescription" can be decomposed into "pre" and "script" and literally means, "to write before" a drug can be prepared. Those within the industry will often call prescriptions simply "scripts".Rx can refer to:the symbol that originated in medical prescriptions. "鈩?quot; (also written as "Rx") and "medical prescription" are sometimes used interchangeably. The use of 鈩?in prescriptions originated as an astrological symbol that was written for talismanic reasons at the start of medical prescriptions. Later it changed into 鈩?(an uppercase R with its tail crossed), and was used as an abbreviation for the Latin word recipe = "take" (imperative), i.e. an instruction to the pharmacist to take the items listed in order to prepare the medicine. When printing came, it was rendered as "Rx"
Rx or legend drug is a legal description in the United States for drugs that are only available on prescription from a licensed medical practitioner but are not controlled substances.
Taken from:
what does the nervous system need most to function properly? fats, carbs.?
Answers:
It needs protein and the right types of fatty acids (eg Omega 3 types), in abundance, to form properly. It mostly uses simple sugars as fuel (eg glucose), AFAIK.Cats need taurine to develop their brains, BTW. It is an amino acid, but is not one of the 20 normally used to build proteins.
It normally functions on glucose, but it LOVES ketones. Also fats are important for myelinization.
vitamin B complex (1-6-12)
what does the medication trmadol do and how hoes it work?
Answers:
It's spelled tramadol, more information about it here: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/drugi.
Tramadol
Active Ingredients: Tramadol
Representative Names: Ultram
Available Product Images: What are tramadol tablets ?
What should my health care professional know before I take tramadol?
How should I take this medicine?
What if I miss a dose?
What drug(s) may interact with tramadol?
What side effects may I notice from taking tramadol?
What should I watch for while taking tramadol?
Where can I keep my medicine?What are tramadol tablets ? (Back to top)
What does the HCl that is included in many medication names refer to?
Answers:
I know HCL as hydrochloric acid. However, I do not know any medication that makes use of HCL. Perhaps you could tell me the name of your medicine? (My guess is that those are orally ingested HCL tablets) HCL is actually found in the stomach and has a pH value of 2: highly acidic and corrosive. HCL activates the zymogens, pepsinogen and prorennin into pepsin and rennin. Besides, I have an interesting fact for you. Your stomach digests only PROTEINS. NO other stuff. Interesting it is right? Such a bag digests only protein!Zymogens are inactivated enzymes.
Enzymes help to digest food at a faster rate
Inactive enzymes cannot digest food
H = hydrogen
Cl = chloride
together they = hydrochloric acid
HCl is actually the short name or formula for hydrochloric acid.
first of all, HCl is not included in medications at the finished product, I mean its acidic effects does not exist, but its relative to its salt component, such as drug-HCl, because salts of HCl are easily dissolved in the media of stomach and intestine. so Drug-HCl is only means that itis the salt of medication, the cl is negative and the medication is positively charged in an acqeous solution.
HCL= [H] Hydrogen [CL] Chlorine.Combined HCL is pronounced
hydrochloric acid which of course is an acid.It is a amolecule having one atom of hydrogen and one atom of chlorine.When in a drug its acidic properties are next to nil.The HCl is present to make the drug soluble in water and digestive juices.
You ROCK Mr Pharm D Jtvone !Hydrochloride
The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. It is a strong acid, the major component of gastric acid and of wide industrial use. As a highly corrosive liquid, hydrochloric acid should be handled only with appropriate safety precautions.Hydrochloric acid, or muriatic acid by its historical but still occasionally used name, has been an important and frequently-used chemical from early history, and was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800. It was used throughout the Middle Ages by alchemists in the quest for the philosopher's stone, and later by several European scientists including Glauber, Priestley, and Davy, to help establish modern chemical knowledge.During the Industrial Revolution, it became an important industrial chemical for many applications, including the large-scale production of organic compounds, such as vinyl chloride for PVC plastic and MDI/TDI for polyurethane, and smaller-scale applications, such as production of gelatin and other ingredients in food, and leather processing. At present, production is approximately 20 million metric tonnes annually (20 Mt/a) of HCl gas.
what does the expiration date on drugs mean?
specifically i have ibuprofen with an expiration date of february 05. does the drug mutate into something harmful or does it just lose potency? if it is just a decrease in potency what would the current potency be as a percentage of the full strength?
Answers:
It really depends. For most drugs, the expiration date is not the actual "expiration" date, that is, the drug loses its potentcy/kills you, but the date you should discard it while you remember. As a matter of fact, most of the expired drugs, sometimes for years, are being donated by medical corporations to third world countries and a great majority of them are still effective. HOWEVER, this does not encourage you to take expired medicine. Depending on the drug you are having, it could be deadly. So to answer your question, don't try expired medicine unless you are in Africa (Yes, I know it sounds messed up).
It probably just loses potency. But be careful. Your body might have a crazy reaction to it. I took expired pills once thinking they'll still work. My body rejected it and I threw up. EWW! Gross!
The drugs were lab tested and their effective potency can be assured under normal storage conditions until the expiration date. Ibuprofen is inexpensive, take what you need for pain now (keep it under 800mg) and go get a new bottle.
With scripts it's the toss date, but over-the-counter drugs which are just a fraction of the potency; I usually keep another six months.
an expiration date on drugs mean they are no good. They are no longer in service to smoke. Don't smoke them, you can get really sick from it!
Expiration date on drugs means that after that date, it will START to decrease its potency until such time that the drug will lose its efficacy. AFTER that, it will start to become a harmful substance.Therefore, if possible, refrain from using expired drugs because you might not get the correct dosage that you need and it might even be harmful to your health.
The expiry date of drugs are the date when drugs start to rot..
It means the drug will probably not be as effective because the ingrediants have started to break down. Taking them could give you a reaction. It is possible that nothing else could happen because the drugs simply have lost their effectiveness.
Answers:
It really depends. For most drugs, the expiration date is not the actual "expiration" date, that is, the drug loses its potentcy/kills you, but the date you should discard it while you remember. As a matter of fact, most of the expired drugs, sometimes for years, are being donated by medical corporations to third world countries and a great majority of them are still effective. HOWEVER, this does not encourage you to take expired medicine. Depending on the drug you are having, it could be deadly. So to answer your question, don't try expired medicine unless you are in Africa (Yes, I know it sounds messed up).
It probably just loses potency. But be careful. Your body might have a crazy reaction to it. I took expired pills once thinking they'll still work. My body rejected it and I threw up. EWW! Gross!
The drugs were lab tested and their effective potency can be assured under normal storage conditions until the expiration date. Ibuprofen is inexpensive, take what you need for pain now (keep it under 800mg) and go get a new bottle.
With scripts it's the toss date, but over-the-counter drugs which are just a fraction of the potency; I usually keep another six months.
an expiration date on drugs mean they are no good. They are no longer in service to smoke. Don't smoke them, you can get really sick from it!
Expiration date on drugs means that after that date, it will START to decrease its potency until such time that the drug will lose its efficacy. AFTER that, it will start to become a harmful substance.Therefore, if possible, refrain from using expired drugs because you might not get the correct dosage that you need and it might even be harmful to your health.
The expiry date of drugs are the date when drugs start to rot..
It means the drug will probably not be as effective because the ingrediants have started to break down. Taking them could give you a reaction. It is possible that nothing else could happen because the drugs simply have lost their effectiveness.
What does the crista falciformis do?
Answers:
polka
The crista falciformis, has two unequal portions. Each portion is further subdivided by a vertical ridge into an anterior and a posterior part. In the portion beneath the crista falciformis are three sets of foramina; one group, just below the posterior part of the crest, situated in the area cribrosa media, consists of several small openings for the nerves to the saccule
What does the 'C' in CRP (or C reactive protein) stand for?
Answers:
The C is for the overal consentration of the protein. Like BAC(blood alcohol content) it is looking for how much of something is in another.It is not a new test, but it is a test in the news. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.It's value is as a general indicator, not specific.It must be noted that even in known cases of inflammatory disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, a low CRP level is possible, and is not indicative of no inflammation.Normally there is no CRP in blood serum. From Lab Tests Online, "a high or increasing amount of CRP in your blood suggests that you have an acute infection or inflammation. Although a result above 1 mg/dL is usually considered high for CRP, most infections and inflammations result in CRP levels above 10 mg/dL".A positive CRP may be an indicator of several conditions, including:rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatic fever
cancer
tuberculosis
pneumonia
heart attack
lupusA positive CRP also can be detected during the last half of pregnancy or with the use of oral contraception.Sedimentation RateAnother blood test often ordered in conjunction with CRP is known as ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or sedrate). Both CRP and ESR give similar information about non-specific inflammation. CRP appears and disappears more quickly than changes in ESR. Therefore, your CRP level may drop to normal following successful treatment, whereas ESR may remain elevated for a longer period.Most recently, CRP has made headlines as it relates to heart disease. New studies indicate CRP may be elevated in heart attacks. It is yet to be determined if CRP serves as a marker of heart disease or whether it plays a part in causing atherosclerotic disease (hardening of the arteries).There is also a high sensitivity CRP test (hs-CRP) in addition to the regular CRP test. The hs-CRP measures very low amounts of CRP in the blood and is typically used to assess risk for heart problems.As a blood test, CRP is not specific. A high result serves as a general indication of acute inflammation. In cases of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, doctors can utilize the CRP test to assess the effectiveness of a specific arthritis treatment and monitor periods of disease flareup.
CARDIAL
cardiac
C for COMPLEMENT. This is a blood test that measures complement activity or the concentration of complement components in serum. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.
What does the abbreviation ENT stand for?
Answers:
E.N.T.stands for Ear, nose and throat. Otorhinoloryngology (oto-ear; rhino-nose; larynx-throat; logos-science) The branch of medicine dealing with the ear, nose and throat.
Pease see the webpage for more details on ENT.
ear, nose, throat
this refers to ent doctors who specialize in the ear, nose, and throat areas.
Ear, nose, and Throat.
Ear Nose and Throat.. Is one thing, but I am sure there are many others
Ear Nose and Throat physician.
medicine ear, nose, and throat
Ears Nose and Throat
emt means emergency medical treatment
An ENT is a doctor who specializes in ear, nose and throat problems. An ENT is sometimes also called an Otolaryngologist.
An ENT with additional training in the medical and surgical management of dizziness,hearing loss, and tumors of the ear is called an Otologist.
entertainment
ear nose throat, its a doctor.
ENT stands for Ear, Nose which covers otolaryngology and head and neck medicine.
E stands for Ear, N for Nose %26 T for Throat, ENT is one of surgery dvisions or specialities.
ears nose and throat
ENT
abbr.ear, nose, and throat
E=EAR
N=NOSE
T=THROAT
ITS A MEDICAL ABBREVIATION
Ear Nose Throat
what does synopsicalmean in medical terms?
medically what does synopsical mean
Answers:
Synopsical would mean medically what it would mean otherwise i.e. in synopsis,.. in summary.it doesn't have any seperate medical meaning or context.I think synosical per se is not grammatically correct, anyway the point is just the same
Summative or the summary of the medical evaluation undertaken.
um. church?
its not synopsical its synoptical and it means presenting or taking the same point of view; used especially of the first three gospels of the New Testament; "the synoptic Gospels"
Generally, it means Taking the same point of view. that is if one doctor surmises that the problem is X and another doctor comes up with the same conclusion, then they hae a synoptical viewBy the say.. the word, I think you wanted was SYNOPTICAL
Answers:
Synopsical would mean medically what it would mean otherwise i.e. in synopsis,.. in summary.it doesn't have any seperate medical meaning or context.I think synosical per se is not grammatically correct, anyway the point is just the same
Summative or the summary of the medical evaluation undertaken.
um. church?
its not synopsical its synoptical and it means presenting or taking the same point of view; used especially of the first three gospels of the New Testament; "the synoptic Gospels"
Generally, it means Taking the same point of view. that is if one doctor surmises that the problem is X and another doctor comes up with the same conclusion, then they hae a synoptical viewBy the say.. the word, I think you wanted was SYNOPTICAL
what does sweat contain?
trying to find out water and waste products that are eliminated through the skin from the digestive stystem
Answers:
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride (commonly known as salt) and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. Sweat also consist of the chemicals or odorants 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.In humans, sweating is primarily a means of temperature regulation. Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Hence, in hot weather, or when the individual's muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat glands, such as dogs, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates water from the moist lining of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Mainly Sodium and Chloride, which is why it tastes salty. It also contains small amounts of other chemicals including urea. also some pheromones, from certain parts of the body, and some organis chemicals, fresh sweat dosen't smell bad, but after being attacked by skin bacteris, it will start to smell bad.
"Human sweat contains numerous substances. The most important substance to be replaced during and after exercise besides water, is sodium chloride (salt). Salt helps maintain proper neuromuscular action and promotes rehydration. In addition, salt, as in sports drinks, triggers thirst and helps prevent dehydration. Frequent muscle cramping in a minority of athletes results from excessive amounts of salt lost through sweat. This can be alleviated by consuming larger quantities of salt, in addition that provided in sports drinks."
sweat contains Nacl(Sodium chloride ) Urea, amino acids, water,proteins
well, it mainly composed of:
1-water.
2-sodium chloride.
3-urea.
4-odorants like 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.
Answers:
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride (commonly known as salt) and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. Sweat also consist of the chemicals or odorants 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.In humans, sweating is primarily a means of temperature regulation. Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Hence, in hot weather, or when the individual's muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat glands, such as dogs, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates water from the moist lining of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Mainly Sodium and Chloride, which is why it tastes salty. It also contains small amounts of other chemicals including urea. also some pheromones, from certain parts of the body, and some organis chemicals, fresh sweat dosen't smell bad, but after being attacked by skin bacteris, it will start to smell bad.
"Human sweat contains numerous substances. The most important substance to be replaced during and after exercise besides water, is sodium chloride (salt). Salt helps maintain proper neuromuscular action and promotes rehydration. In addition, salt, as in sports drinks, triggers thirst and helps prevent dehydration. Frequent muscle cramping in a minority of athletes results from excessive amounts of salt lost through sweat. This can be alleviated by consuming larger quantities of salt, in addition that provided in sports drinks."
sweat contains Nacl(Sodium chloride ) Urea, amino acids, water,proteins
well, it mainly composed of:
1-water.
2-sodium chloride.
3-urea.
4-odorants like 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.
What does subspecialty mean?
Like when a certain medical specialty has the option to do "subspecialty" for a couple of extra years why do they do it and besides more experience what do they get out of it?
Answers:
It's the ability to specialize even more in any given arena. For example, a pediatrician may decide to subspecialize in the treatment of childhood leukemia. Or an oncologist may decide to specialize in the treatment of breast cancer. And on it goes through all phases of medicine..
They do it because it is more challenging. And because they have a strong desire and drive to pursue that area of pratice. They usually end up in a much more elite, high end practice and can make alot more money.
A narrow field of study or work within a specialty, as pediatric dermatology or geriatric psychiatry.
Answers:
It's the ability to specialize even more in any given arena. For example, a pediatrician may decide to subspecialize in the treatment of childhood leukemia. Or an oncologist may decide to specialize in the treatment of breast cancer. And on it goes through all phases of medicine..
They do it because it is more challenging. And because they have a strong desire and drive to pursue that area of pratice. They usually end up in a much more elite, high end practice and can make alot more money.
A narrow field of study or work within a specialty, as pediatric dermatology or geriatric psychiatry.
what does ST elevation of an ECG of a patient who has recently suffered a heart attack indicate?
was wondering why chlopidogrel and aspirin are contra indicated in MI patients whith elevated ST segment. (According to BNF)
Answers:
The ST elevation, like any ECG abnormality, is an indication of and alteration to either the electrical activities in cardiac muscle cells and/or the normal progression of electrical signals in the heart, (the heart muscle cells are all electrically connected together, and there are nerves running through the heart - they are called Purkinje fibres).The sign ST elevation on an ECG is consistent with changes in conduction and cellular activity due to lack of nutrients and oxygen to the cells - therefore it indicates a poor/absent blood supply to a given region of heart muscle (therefore that heart muscle damage is either likely, or is actively occuring)ST elevation isn't actually the most reliable sign of damage to heart muscle. A better sign is wide and/or deep Q-waves on an ECG. Q-waves can take 24hrs to develop following a myocardial infarction (or "heart attack"), and so, if we were to wait for Q-waves, then it may be a little late to treat a heart attack.So, actually, heart attacks get divided into NSTEMIs (non ST elevation myocardial infarctions) and STEMIs (ST elevation myocardial infarctions). Provided there are no other contra-indications, STEMIs get treated with thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary angioplasty, as they are more serious than NSTEMIs.So, in a nutshell, an ST elevation on an ECG, in the presence of clinical signs (such as chest pain, shortness of breath etc..) is a sign that the current heart attack is rather more serious and hence needs riskier/more invasive treatment.PS: The above pertains to very recent ST elevation, in the presence of clinical signs such as chest pains etc. After a heart attack (assuming the patient survives), the ST elevation gradually settles, but this takes time. So ST elevation in the absence of clinical signs is merely a sign of a recent heart attack and is not, on its own, diagnostic of on-going damage.
I thought elivated T waves were a sign of hyperkalaemia (high potassium levels) Which BNF are you looking at? Mine, no.51, says 'acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation which is not the same as an MI. See NEJM article for more info
thay are still alive
Sounds like we're in the same boat.I even asked a specialist after my ECG showed an ST elevation and he mumbled something about blockages in arteries/blood unable to get through the heart valves and all sorts of other medical crap.
I'm still none the wiser to this day.
ST elevation on an EKG can indicate damage to your heart muscle, blocked arteries, etc. But, if the heart is worked on quickly, the muscle can sometimes repair itself..
this clearly shows that the patient has a bad heart problem it could be the mix of drugs also condition could be worsening
Answers:
The ST elevation, like any ECG abnormality, is an indication of and alteration to either the electrical activities in cardiac muscle cells and/or the normal progression of electrical signals in the heart, (the heart muscle cells are all electrically connected together, and there are nerves running through the heart - they are called Purkinje fibres).The sign ST elevation on an ECG is consistent with changes in conduction and cellular activity due to lack of nutrients and oxygen to the cells - therefore it indicates a poor/absent blood supply to a given region of heart muscle (therefore that heart muscle damage is either likely, or is actively occuring)ST elevation isn't actually the most reliable sign of damage to heart muscle. A better sign is wide and/or deep Q-waves on an ECG. Q-waves can take 24hrs to develop following a myocardial infarction (or "heart attack"), and so, if we were to wait for Q-waves, then it may be a little late to treat a heart attack.So, actually, heart attacks get divided into NSTEMIs (non ST elevation myocardial infarctions) and STEMIs (ST elevation myocardial infarctions). Provided there are no other contra-indications, STEMIs get treated with thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary angioplasty, as they are more serious than NSTEMIs.So, in a nutshell, an ST elevation on an ECG, in the presence of clinical signs (such as chest pain, shortness of breath etc..) is a sign that the current heart attack is rather more serious and hence needs riskier/more invasive treatment.PS: The above pertains to very recent ST elevation, in the presence of clinical signs such as chest pains etc. After a heart attack (assuming the patient survives), the ST elevation gradually settles, but this takes time. So ST elevation in the absence of clinical signs is merely a sign of a recent heart attack and is not, on its own, diagnostic of on-going damage.
I thought elivated T waves were a sign of hyperkalaemia (high potassium levels) Which BNF are you looking at? Mine, no.51, says 'acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation which is not the same as an MI. See NEJM article for more info
thay are still alive
Sounds like we're in the same boat.I even asked a specialist after my ECG showed an ST elevation and he mumbled something about blockages in arteries/blood unable to get through the heart valves and all sorts of other medical crap.
I'm still none the wiser to this day.
ST elevation on an EKG can indicate damage to your heart muscle, blocked arteries, etc. But, if the heart is worked on quickly, the muscle can sometimes repair itself..
this clearly shows that the patient has a bad heart problem it could be the mix of drugs also condition could be worsening
what does somatic recombination have to do with multiple myeloma?
Answers:
Mutation in the light chain protien that presents itself in MMtough question; I would check medical database for more or send email to the IMF so they could have science advisor answer.www.myeloma.orgJewells
30 months and still here
antibody variability.
The same thing that Bill had to do with Monica. :)
It shouldn't have anything to do with multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma starts as any other cancer starts, with a mutation of a gene. In this case, it is a mutation that occurs in plasma cells. Now, somatic recombination is involved with the selection of antibodies, which plasma cells secrete. But the malignancy does not relate to the recombination that produces the antibodies. It has to do with a mutation in the reproductive genetics of the cell, and not the cell's products.
What does slow poison means? Are they available for a common man? does the poison differ for humans n animals?
I would like to get answers from persons who are very much into medical and pharmacy field. I'm writing an essay about this topic. The correct details provided will be very helpful for me. Thank You.
Answers:
You should have done research somewhere else.
Cause when you kill whoever it is you are looking to kill .they will find this post and you will be done for.
It works over time, of course if you want it there's always a way to get it. Often they are common household use items.
Its when you shag some one 2 times every minute with a ciggarett
who are you wanting to kill?humm?
Slow poisoning means consuming small amount of Poisons for a certain period.This is fatal for living oraganism.It will affect body the time depends on the amount%26 type of the consuming Poison.Yes these kinds of Poison are also applicable for man.Notes:DON'T TRY THIS IN YOUR LIFE.
Answers:
You should have done research somewhere else.
Cause when you kill whoever it is you are looking to kill .they will find this post and you will be done for.
It works over time, of course if you want it there's always a way to get it. Often they are common household use items.
Its when you shag some one 2 times every minute with a ciggarett
who are you wanting to kill?humm?
Slow poisoning means consuming small amount of Poisons for a certain period.This is fatal for living oraganism.It will affect body the time depends on the amount%26 type of the consuming Poison.Yes these kinds of Poison are also applicable for man.Notes:DON'T TRY THIS IN YOUR LIFE.
What does RX mean when taking prescription drugs?
Answers:
In English, "Rx" doesn't seem to have any connection to "pharmacy." However it does in Latin, albeit in a roundabout way.According to Yahoo! Reference, "Rx" means "prescription for medicine." The letters abbreviate the Latin word recipe, which is a form of the verb "to take."Doctors write Rx in the heading of prescriptions as an instruction to "take" the medicine. The pharmacists filling the orders understand this shorthand (and hopefully they can read the doctors' handwriting) and print it on pill bottles with whatever else doctors order, such as "take twice daily with food." Somewhere along the line, pharmacists started using "Rx" on their storefront signs so patients knew where to get their doctors' instructions translated.
Rx just means "prescription medicine." The letters abbreviate the Latin word recipe, which is a form of the verb "to take."
www.dictionary.comRx
n.
A prescription for medicine or a medical appliance.
A remedy, cure, or solution for a disorder or problem.
RX mean take thou..
Rx doesnt mean prescription medicine.
its a short cut of some greek word meaning (THERAPY)
Therapy can be anyform ,not neccassarily medicines.
ok !!
ps. stop looking in dictionaries.
Rx means -A prescription for medicine or a medical appliance.Also means--A remedy, cure, or solution for a disorder or problem.. I hope this is what you where looking for.
RX is just an abbreviation of the medical term Prescrption Drug
Rx is a Greek terminology used in the history of medicine. It almost makes a sort of salute to the God of health %26 medicine that is explained with snake spiriling over an object. Conventionally, Physicians consider this as a right method to follow and we come across this simple term just before medical prescription.Ok!
A question for all !
What the surgeons have to write equivalent to Rx.
There was one, but is not in use.
Think it over ! Ofcourse, there is one.
Search in the old books!
what does PEDS, OB, LAB, OP, ENT also Mean in medical terms?
Answers:
peds for pediatrics
ob for obstetrics
lab for laboratory
op for out patient
ent for ears, nose and throat
pediatrics.obstetrics.labo.
peds is short for pediatrics.(branch of medicine that deals with children)
ob is short for obstretics.(branch of medicine that deals with birth and delivery)
lab is short for laboratory.
op is short for out patient.
ent is short for ear, nose, and throat.
What does Pathomechanics refer to/ mean?
Answers:
patho: The study ofSo pathomechanics is the study of the mechanical aspects of a certain structure of the body, I would assume. By mechanical, I mean movements.
The path you take to the mechanics?
What does oxycontin feel like?
How does it compare to vicodin?
Answers:
OxyContin is a prescription painkiller used for moderate to high pain relief associated with injuries, bursitis, dislocation, fractures, neuralgia, arthritis, lower back pain, and pain associated with cancer.OxyContin contains oxycodone, the medication's active ingredient, in a timed-release tablet. Oxycodone products have been illicitly abused for the past 30 years.OxyContin produces opiate-like effects and is sometimes used as a substitute for heroin. Illicit uses of OxyContin include crushing the tablet and ingesting or snorting it. Most individuals who abuse this drug do so to gain euphoric effects, relieve pain, and to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Those who take the drug repeatedly can develop a tolerance or resistance to the drug's effects.
Works much better on pain. The euphoria feeling you get from it goes away rather quickly. Highly addictive
Feels good
Let's just say Oxycontin was prescribed to my mother dying with lung cancer. She felt no pain.
They are both small and smooth.They both bind to the "mu" receptor in the brain and spinal cord, so they should produce the same effect--oxycodone just produces more of it.
Oxycontin (brand)
Oxycodone (generic)
Oxycodone is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It is a pain reliever.Oxycodone is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain.
Vicodin (brand)
Acetaminophen (tylenol) and hydrocodone (generic)
Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone.Together, acetaminophen and hydrocodone are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain.
Answers:
OxyContin is a prescription painkiller used for moderate to high pain relief associated with injuries, bursitis, dislocation, fractures, neuralgia, arthritis, lower back pain, and pain associated with cancer.OxyContin contains oxycodone, the medication's active ingredient, in a timed-release tablet. Oxycodone products have been illicitly abused for the past 30 years.OxyContin produces opiate-like effects and is sometimes used as a substitute for heroin. Illicit uses of OxyContin include crushing the tablet and ingesting or snorting it. Most individuals who abuse this drug do so to gain euphoric effects, relieve pain, and to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Those who take the drug repeatedly can develop a tolerance or resistance to the drug's effects.
Works much better on pain. The euphoria feeling you get from it goes away rather quickly. Highly addictive
Feels good
Let's just say Oxycontin was prescribed to my mother dying with lung cancer. She felt no pain.
They are both small and smooth.They both bind to the "mu" receptor in the brain and spinal cord, so they should produce the same effect--oxycodone just produces more of it.
Oxycontin (brand)
Oxycodone (generic)
Oxycodone is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It is a pain reliever.Oxycodone is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain.
Vicodin (brand)
Acetaminophen (tylenol) and hydrocodone (generic)
Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone.Together, acetaminophen and hydrocodone are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain.
What does naprosyn treat?
I saw that and Percocet in my bf/s medicine cabinet yesterday, but the never told me that he was takig medication. I'd appreciate it if someone could tell me what both these medications treat, thanks in advance to anyone who can answer my question correctly.
Answers:
Naprosyn is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is used to treat arthritis. It has some analgesic (pain relief) action, also. Percocet is a narcotic analgesic (Oxycodone) and is a Schedule II medication. It is highly addictive and has strong pain relieving action, but causes diminished motor function. It is a synthetic opioid.
Get me the Percocet's o.k.? Naprosyn is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever.
I take it for tendinitis. I have bad knees and elbows from sports. it's the same thing as Alieve, but in a bigger dose usually 500mg. Percocet is a muscle relaxer, pain reliever.Probably got hurt it sounds like.
Naprosyn, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis (the most common form of arthritis), juvenile arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (spinal arthritis), tendinitis, bursitis, and acute gout; it is also used to relieve menstrual cramps and other types of mild to moderate pain.Percocet?
鈥? Oxycodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.
Naprosyn is the brand name prescription form of naproxen sodium, which is Aleve. Both are painkillers.
Its treated for Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, primary dysmenorrhoea, acute gout, pelvic inflammation, ankylosing spondylitis, tooth extraction, tendinitis, bursitis, juvenile arthritis.
naproxen is an anti-inflammatory pain killer, most commonly used for period pain, gout, painful joints etc.
Answers:
Naprosyn is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is used to treat arthritis. It has some analgesic (pain relief) action, also. Percocet is a narcotic analgesic (Oxycodone) and is a Schedule II medication. It is highly addictive and has strong pain relieving action, but causes diminished motor function. It is a synthetic opioid.
Get me the Percocet's o.k.? Naprosyn is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever.
I take it for tendinitis. I have bad knees and elbows from sports. it's the same thing as Alieve, but in a bigger dose usually 500mg. Percocet is a muscle relaxer, pain reliever.Probably got hurt it sounds like.
Naprosyn, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis (the most common form of arthritis), juvenile arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (spinal arthritis), tendinitis, bursitis, and acute gout; it is also used to relieve menstrual cramps and other types of mild to moderate pain.Percocet?
鈥? Oxycodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.
Naprosyn is the brand name prescription form of naproxen sodium, which is Aleve. Both are painkillers.
Its treated for Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, primary dysmenorrhoea, acute gout, pelvic inflammation, ankylosing spondylitis, tooth extraction, tendinitis, bursitis, juvenile arthritis.
naproxen is an anti-inflammatory pain killer, most commonly used for period pain, gout, painful joints etc.
What does mussaffa mean?
I found the name "Khashkash Mussaffa" in description of medicine. Does someone can tell me what it is?
Answers:
Mussafah is the only industrial zone close to Abu Dhabi, one of the United Arab Emirates. See the link :)
I think thats Arabic.
Khashkhash means poppy seeds, Mussaffa means.dunno
It is in Malay. And I'm Chinese. Nevertheless KhashKhash means poppy seeds and Mussaffa is a place Abu Dhabi, which is the largest of the seven emirates that compose the United Arab Emirates and was also the largest of the former Trucial States. Abu Dhabi is also a city of the same name within the Emirate that is the capital of the country, in north central UAE. The city lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the central western coast. An estimated 1,000,000 people lived there in 2000, with about an 80% expatriate population. Abu Dhabi city is located at 24.4667掳 N 54.3667掳 E. The Emirate has approximately 70% of the country's entire wealth. Al Ain is Abu Dhabi's second largest urban area with a population of 348,000 (2003 census estimate) and is located 150 kilometres inland. Khashkhash Mussaffa should mean poppy seeds that are grown in a place near Abu Dhabi. ^ ^ I did it!
The Lion King silly!
Answers:
Mussafah is the only industrial zone close to Abu Dhabi, one of the United Arab Emirates. See the link :)
I think thats Arabic.
Khashkhash means poppy seeds, Mussaffa means.dunno
It is in Malay. And I'm Chinese. Nevertheless KhashKhash means poppy seeds and Mussaffa is a place Abu Dhabi, which is the largest of the seven emirates that compose the United Arab Emirates and was also the largest of the former Trucial States. Abu Dhabi is also a city of the same name within the Emirate that is the capital of the country, in north central UAE. The city lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the central western coast. An estimated 1,000,000 people lived there in 2000, with about an 80% expatriate population. Abu Dhabi city is located at 24.4667掳 N 54.3667掳 E. The Emirate has approximately 70% of the country's entire wealth. Al Ain is Abu Dhabi's second largest urban area with a population of 348,000 (2003 census estimate) and is located 150 kilometres inland. Khashkhash Mussaffa should mean poppy seeds that are grown in a place near Abu Dhabi. ^ ^ I did it!
The Lion King silly!
what does MSG do to your brain?
Answers:
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) 1995 report states that:No evidence exists to suggest that dietary MSG causes brain lesions or damages nerve cells in humans.
The body uses glutamate( an amino acid) as a nerve impulse transmitter in the brain and that there are glutamate-responsive tissues in other parts of the body, as well. Abnormal function of glutamate receptors has been linked with certain neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's chorea. Injections of glutamate in laboratory animals have resulted in damage to nerve cells in the brain. Consumption of glutamate in food, however, does not cause this effect. While people normally consume dietary glutamate in large amounts the body metabolizez glutamate efficiently.
try google, wikipedia or ask.com
Mono sodium glutamate(MSG) is the sodium of glutamate acid. It is commonly added to foods as a "flavor enhancer." Unlike salt or other seasonings, MSG does not alter the actual taste of food; instead it "enhances" taste by exciting and increasing the sensitivity of taste buds. It has a drug-like effect upon the flavor perception of the person who has ingested food or drink that contains MSG. MSG has no nutritional value, nor is it a preservative, as many people claim.Why do food companies use MSG? MSG does not effect the food, instead IT "TRICKS" YOUR BRAIN INTO THINKING THE FOOD YOU ARE EATING TASTES GOOD. Manufacturers can use inferior ingredients, and by adding MSG, mask the inferior quality and freshness of foods.
An unknown percentage of the population may react to MSG and develop MSG symptom complex, a condition characterized by one or more of the following symptoms:
burning sensation in the back of the neck, forearms and chest
numbness in the back of the neck, radiating to the arms and back
tingling, warmth and weakness in the face, temples, upper back, neck and arms
facial pressure or tightness
chest pain
headache
nausea
rapid heartbeat
bronchospasm (difficulty breathing) in MSG-intolerant people with asthma
drowsiness
weakness.In otherwise healthy MSG-intolerant people, the MSG symptom complex tends to occur within one hour after consuming sure does mess with chemical balance of brain !!
Don' know but it gives me a massive headache.
the other answers are mainly correct, so just a quick addition. MSG interacts with the glutamine receptors in your central nervous system. Your body makes it's own glutamine which interacts with these receptors and this affects learning and memory. The stiff neck/headache side effects of MSG result from an overstimulation of these receptors.
It makes me incredibly thirsty! I have no idea why. About one hour after I eat Chinese food, it seems I can't drink enough water.
what does metabolite mean?
it seems that there's "metabolite 1" and "metabolite 2" . what's the difference?
Answers:
A metabolite is any molecule that is produced in a metabolic pathway carried out in living cells, starting with a particular substrate and driven by some number of enzymes essential to completion of the pathway. For example, the complete metabolism of the glucose molecule is driven by a large number of critical enzymes and coenzymes that produce a number of metabolites in the pathway leading to the end products, water, carbon dioxide, and ATP (the cell's chemical "money").When you speak of metabolite 1 and metabolite 2 you are probably referring to primary and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are molecules that are essential to the normal growth, development, and reproduction of the organism. Secondary metabolites may also have important functions, but are not necessarily essential. Examples of secondary metabolites are pigment molecules in plants and animals and the substances produced by various fungi that act as antibiotics.All of the biochemical reactions that take place in living cells make up the cell's metabolism. In some pathways, described as catabolic, large molecules are subdivided into smaller ones, usually with the release of energy stored in the large molecule (e.g. glucose). In other pathways, called anabolic, smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones (e.g. the formation of functional proteins from a directed sequence of their constituent amino acids.All chemicals that enter the human body as drugs or environmental contaminants are by definition not strictly necessary for the normal function of the body. Such chemicals may have direct effects on the body's normal physiology without any metabolic conversion. The most familiar example of such a chemical might be ethanol, the effects of which are known to anyone who's ever taken a drink. Other drugs and chemicals may also have direct active effects. On the other hand, many drugs and chemicals must be converted into an active form before they can have a physiological effect. For example, the carcinogen vinyl chloride must be converted into chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, which have the capacity to bind to and alter nuclear DNA, for the carcinogenic effect to occur.Conversion of "foreign" parent molecules into active or inactive metabolites takes place in primarily in the liver. Liver cells contain a vast array of enzyme systems which have apparently evolved with our species to protect us from the harmful effects of potentially toxic chemicals in our food and in the general environment. The primary effect of these enzyme systems, such as the cytochrome P450 system, is to convert potentially toxic chemicals into relatively harmless metabolites, which are then frequently conjugated with another molecule, such as glucuronic acid, making it easier for the body to excrete the metabolites via the urine. Again, sometimes the metabolites produced by one of these enzyme systems may be more toxic than the parent molecule; or the parent molecule given as a medication does not become active until it has been processed by a liver enzyme system. Ethanol is another example here; one of its metabolites, acetaldehyde, is more toxic than the parent alcohol molecule. Usually acetaldehyde is rapidly converted to carbon dioxide in water; many East Asian people are deficient in the enzymes needed to process acetaldehyde, and so have a much more limited tolerance for alcohol than non-Asians.One final note: it is usually the products of metabolism of many drugs that may be detected in a person's urine. This is true for most illicit drugs and also for tobacco. Each drug produces a characteristic metabolite or metabolites that are present in the urine for some period of time after ingestion of the drug.
Metabolites are the intermediary products of any drug in its catabolic cascade. Mostly, these metabolites are unstable. If a metabolite exhibits the effect of the drug, it is called an active metabolite and passive, if it does not. Usually, the metabolite 1 is the first intermediary product and the metabolite 2 is the second. Did this clear your doubt? A feedback on this reply is welcome.
Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process
Answers:
A metabolite is any molecule that is produced in a metabolic pathway carried out in living cells, starting with a particular substrate and driven by some number of enzymes essential to completion of the pathway. For example, the complete metabolism of the glucose molecule is driven by a large number of critical enzymes and coenzymes that produce a number of metabolites in the pathway leading to the end products, water, carbon dioxide, and ATP (the cell's chemical "money").When you speak of metabolite 1 and metabolite 2 you are probably referring to primary and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are molecules that are essential to the normal growth, development, and reproduction of the organism. Secondary metabolites may also have important functions, but are not necessarily essential. Examples of secondary metabolites are pigment molecules in plants and animals and the substances produced by various fungi that act as antibiotics.All of the biochemical reactions that take place in living cells make up the cell's metabolism. In some pathways, described as catabolic, large molecules are subdivided into smaller ones, usually with the release of energy stored in the large molecule (e.g. glucose). In other pathways, called anabolic, smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones (e.g. the formation of functional proteins from a directed sequence of their constituent amino acids.All chemicals that enter the human body as drugs or environmental contaminants are by definition not strictly necessary for the normal function of the body. Such chemicals may have direct effects on the body's normal physiology without any metabolic conversion. The most familiar example of such a chemical might be ethanol, the effects of which are known to anyone who's ever taken a drink. Other drugs and chemicals may also have direct active effects. On the other hand, many drugs and chemicals must be converted into an active form before they can have a physiological effect. For example, the carcinogen vinyl chloride must be converted into chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, which have the capacity to bind to and alter nuclear DNA, for the carcinogenic effect to occur.Conversion of "foreign" parent molecules into active or inactive metabolites takes place in primarily in the liver. Liver cells contain a vast array of enzyme systems which have apparently evolved with our species to protect us from the harmful effects of potentially toxic chemicals in our food and in the general environment. The primary effect of these enzyme systems, such as the cytochrome P450 system, is to convert potentially toxic chemicals into relatively harmless metabolites, which are then frequently conjugated with another molecule, such as glucuronic acid, making it easier for the body to excrete the metabolites via the urine. Again, sometimes the metabolites produced by one of these enzyme systems may be more toxic than the parent molecule; or the parent molecule given as a medication does not become active until it has been processed by a liver enzyme system. Ethanol is another example here; one of its metabolites, acetaldehyde, is more toxic than the parent alcohol molecule. Usually acetaldehyde is rapidly converted to carbon dioxide in water; many East Asian people are deficient in the enzymes needed to process acetaldehyde, and so have a much more limited tolerance for alcohol than non-Asians.One final note: it is usually the products of metabolism of many drugs that may be detected in a person's urine. This is true for most illicit drugs and also for tobacco. Each drug produces a characteristic metabolite or metabolites that are present in the urine for some period of time after ingestion of the drug.
Metabolites are the intermediary products of any drug in its catabolic cascade. Mostly, these metabolites are unstable. If a metabolite exhibits the effect of the drug, it is called an active metabolite and passive, if it does not. Usually, the metabolite 1 is the first intermediary product and the metabolite 2 is the second. Did this clear your doubt? A feedback on this reply is welcome.
Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process
what does means paraproteinemia?
Answers:
presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.Protein antibodies that are identical in the blood.
Never heard of it. Looked up on several reference links and no matches.
Abnormal proteins in the blood.
hkhkhnm,mbnvbcbcbcbbbbbbbbbbbb. jkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk,
hey that was my answer:Paraproteinemia is the presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.from wikipedia!!
Paraproteinemia is the presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are antibodies that are identical because they were produced by one type of immune cell, all clones of a single parent cell. Given (almost) any substance, it is possible to create monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to that substance; they can then serve to detect or purify that substance. This has become an important tool in biochemistry, molecular biology and medicine.Gamma globulins are a class of proteins in the blood, identified by their position after serum protein electrophoresis. The most significant gamma globulins are antibodies.Gamma globulin injections are sometimes given in an attempt to temporarily boost a patient's immunity against disease. Injections are most commonly used on patients who have been exposed to hepatitis A or measles. Injections are also used to boost immunity in patients who lack the ability to produce gamma globulins because of an immune deficiency, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia and hyper IgM deficiency. Such injections are less common in modern medical practice than they were previously, and injections of gamma globulin previously recommended for travellers have largely been replaced by the use of hepatitis A vaccine.
What does MD stand for exactly on a diploma?
Answers:
Doctor of Medicine, from the Latin: Medicinae Doctor
medical doctor
Medical Doctor.
medical doctor
Pretty much right, but actually a degree states 'Doctor of Medicine'.
medical doctor
Medical Doctorate. They're a doctor!
moderate dementia
medical doctor
What does mcg means? i have to take some medications and i am not sure with the instructions given.?
Answers:
Microgram it is a unit of measure thyroid medication is sometimes given in micro grams example Synthroid 300mcg is equal to Synthroid 0.3mg or milligrams
However if you are in doubt about instructions on any prescription medication you should call the pharmacy that filled the prescription and ask the pharmacist to be safe and sure.
Microgram. One millionth of a gram. An mg, or milligram, would be 1,000 mcg's.
mcg is the abbreviation for micrograms. the order goes grams, milligrams, micrograms. and if you really have concerns or questions about taking any prescribed medicine just take it to a pharmicist (any will help you) and ask. it is better to error on the side of caution as to guess and take the wrong (possible fatal) dose.
the others are correct but as a retired pharmacist i am more concerned with the fact that you recived the medication without the pharmacy making clear what all is involved.if it was some abiguous instruction on the label,such as take x mcg then he/she should get out of the buisness.
What does mad cow disease do to your body?
Answers:
Turns brain into swiss cheese. :(You can read a wide range of info on the human form, CJD, by clicking HEREhttp://search.yahoo.com/search?p=cjd%26amp;ei=.
makes you mad
It gets into your brain and nervous system causing lack of control of muscles, coma and death.
You start forgetting stuff badly.
your mind doesn't work very well at all.
My Brothers father inlaw died from it.It wasn't pretty.
it gives you udders, and youre gonna be pissed off.
youll start behave like a cow or if you're already a cow you'll start behaving like a dog.
It affects your nervous system and makes you go crazy. It's a lot like lime disease that you get from ticks or rabies you get from dogs / squirrels / ect. It is like scitafrenia and just makes you crazy and paranoid.
attacks motor skills and parts of the brain. Mixes up messages and causes great illness. Also attacks spinal cord. Eventually. you cant function and your body shuts itself down.
Basically, it turns your BRAIN into a sponge that's full of holes! Have a nice day..Andrew/FreeBird
I think it makes you wiggle about like crazy, and make pop video's, and call yourself 'Madonna'.
The clinical name for mad cow disease is bovine spongiform encephalitis, which is pretty darn descriptive. It is a disease that causes your brain to develop holes to the point where it resembles a sponge.
It actually does very little to your body. But it makes your brain a very sick organ, resulting in dementia, repetitive motion syndrome, halucination, memory loss, and all the other wonderful entertainments of Central Nervous System disease.
Have some more rare hamburger? Just in from Kent! You'll love it.
Moo.
British Study Says Brain Patients Had Psychiatric Symptoms
By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN . April 5, 1996
Many of the 10 British patients afflicted with a new variant of a fatal brain disease possibly linked to mad-cow disease had behavioral and emotional changes that initially fooled doctors into thinking they had psychiatric disorders, according to the first published scientific report about the cases. In nine of the patients, early symptoms included personality changes, depression, difficulty sleeping, withdrawal, fearfulness, and paranoia, said the report, being published on Saturday in The Lancet, an international journal issued in London. Several patients were referred by their doctors to a psychiatrist
One was that patients also developed motor abnormalities such as difficulty maintaining balance. A second was pain when a patient was touched on the face, arms, and legs. One patient had pain in the feet that persisted throughout the illness. Another factor was the rapid course to death, averaging about one year from onset of symptoms. more information
http://www.mad-cow.org/psycho_4-5-96_nyt.
Melts your brain
The human form of mad cow disease is called Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), it is an infection one gets from eating infected brain tissue from a cow with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or brain, bone, or marrow from a sheep (known in sheep as scrapie). The infection is simply a mutated form of a protein called a prion. This prion travels to the brain and starts to lyse (destroy) every cell it comes into contact with. The brain starts to get large holes in it, the brain almost begins to look like a block of swiss cheese. There is no cure for this infection and lost brain tissue cannot be recovered.
makes you allergic to grass
Charlene Singh, the only U.S. resident thought to have the human form of mad cow disease, or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), died June 20, 2004.Read her story, its really interesting.. and will answer your questions
i think it eats away at ur brain..or is that rabbies
What does low cholesterol mean?
I donate blood regularly and while it's always been rather low (never above 160), it's dropped off even more recently and stabilized around 120. Obviously they only measure total cholesterol, so I don't know LDL and HDL measurements. Worth asking my doctor about? What are the implications? It's definitely not a matter of not eating enough.
Answers:
Cholesterol is a waxy fat like substance that is important for normal body functioning. Cholesterol is used for cellular functions and the production of hormones. Your body, in most cases, will produce enough cholesterol to maintain normal body needs. The liver is the major production factory for cholesterol (about 70%). Diets high in saturated fats, significantly increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood stream. Recommended daily intake of fat should not exceed 30% of calories, with a maximum of 10% being from saturated fat. Research indicates that diets high in saturated and total fat, play a significant role in the process of atherosclerosis (plaque build-up on the artery wall ).High cholesterol levels are strong indicators of those individuals that are prone to coronary heart disease. Elevated total cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The build-up of plaque in the artery may lead to narrowing (high blood pressure) or complete blockage (heart attack) of the vessel. As levels rise above 180 mg/dl, the risk for developing coronary heart disease increases. A cholesterol value of 220 mg/dl correlates to nearly a two-fold elevation in incidence of coronary heart disease as compared to 180 mg/dl. A reduction of 1% is shown to reduce the risk for coronary artery disease by 2% for levels over 200 mg/dl.Total cholesterol is the sum of all the cholesterol in your blood. The higher your total cholesterol, the greater your risk for heart disease. Here are the total values that matter to you. Total Cholesterol Levels:
Less than 200 mg/dL "Desirable" level that puts you at lower risk for heart disease. A cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL or greater increases your risk. 200 to 239 mg/dL "Borderline-high." 240 mg/dL and above "High" blood cholesterol. A person with this level has more than twice the risk of heart disease compared to someone whose cholesterol is below 200 mg/dL.
LDL or Low density LipoProtein(Bad cholesterol) - distibute fatty deposite on vessel wall thus promotes the formation of atherosclorotic plaque.
HDL or High Density LipoProtein(Good Cholesterol) -collects fatty deposites on vessel wall and transport to liver for bile synthesis or other metabolic activity. On this process it prevents or retards the formation of atherosclorosis. Normal Levels:
Desirable total cholesterol: below 200 mg/dL (5.17 mmol/L)
Optimal LDL ('bad') cholesterol: below 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L)
Optimal HDL ('good') cholesterol: over 60 mg/dL (1.56 mmol/L)
Conclusion:
You have a LOW TOTAL CHOLESTEROL level of 120 mg/dl
Implication:
You are less prone to develop Coronary Artery Diseases. Good for you and keep up the healthy living.
Abnormally low levels of cholesterol are termed hypocholesterolemia. Research into the causes of this state is relatively limited, and while some studies suggest a link with depression, cancer and cerebral hemorrhage it is unclear whether the low cholesterol levels are a cause for these conditions or an epiphenomenon
Well, when i asked my doc. about a blood test that i did that had something low on it that i did not know what it was, he sad: "well that thing u have low, it's kinda the family of cholesterol. so if u have it low, it's a very VERY VERY good thing." So i guess it's the same with cholesterol.
Answers:
Cholesterol is a waxy fat like substance that is important for normal body functioning. Cholesterol is used for cellular functions and the production of hormones. Your body, in most cases, will produce enough cholesterol to maintain normal body needs. The liver is the major production factory for cholesterol (about 70%). Diets high in saturated fats, significantly increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood stream. Recommended daily intake of fat should not exceed 30% of calories, with a maximum of 10% being from saturated fat. Research indicates that diets high in saturated and total fat, play a significant role in the process of atherosclerosis (plaque build-up on the artery wall ).High cholesterol levels are strong indicators of those individuals that are prone to coronary heart disease. Elevated total cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The build-up of plaque in the artery may lead to narrowing (high blood pressure) or complete blockage (heart attack) of the vessel. As levels rise above 180 mg/dl, the risk for developing coronary heart disease increases. A cholesterol value of 220 mg/dl correlates to nearly a two-fold elevation in incidence of coronary heart disease as compared to 180 mg/dl. A reduction of 1% is shown to reduce the risk for coronary artery disease by 2% for levels over 200 mg/dl.Total cholesterol is the sum of all the cholesterol in your blood. The higher your total cholesterol, the greater your risk for heart disease. Here are the total values that matter to you. Total Cholesterol Levels:
Less than 200 mg/dL "Desirable" level that puts you at lower risk for heart disease. A cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL or greater increases your risk. 200 to 239 mg/dL "Borderline-high." 240 mg/dL and above "High" blood cholesterol. A person with this level has more than twice the risk of heart disease compared to someone whose cholesterol is below 200 mg/dL.
LDL or Low density LipoProtein(Bad cholesterol) - distibute fatty deposite on vessel wall thus promotes the formation of atherosclorotic plaque.
HDL or High Density LipoProtein(Good Cholesterol) -collects fatty deposites on vessel wall and transport to liver for bile synthesis or other metabolic activity. On this process it prevents or retards the formation of atherosclorosis. Normal Levels:
Desirable total cholesterol: below 200 mg/dL (5.17 mmol/L)
Optimal LDL ('bad') cholesterol: below 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L)
Optimal HDL ('good') cholesterol: over 60 mg/dL (1.56 mmol/L)
Conclusion:
You have a LOW TOTAL CHOLESTEROL level of 120 mg/dl
Implication:
You are less prone to develop Coronary Artery Diseases. Good for you and keep up the healthy living.
Abnormally low levels of cholesterol are termed hypocholesterolemia. Research into the causes of this state is relatively limited, and while some studies suggest a link with depression, cancer and cerebral hemorrhage it is unclear whether the low cholesterol levels are a cause for these conditions or an epiphenomenon
Well, when i asked my doc. about a blood test that i did that had something low on it that i did not know what it was, he sad: "well that thing u have low, it's kinda the family of cholesterol. so if u have it low, it's a very VERY VERY good thing." So i guess it's the same with cholesterol.
what does LASER stand for?..?
Answers:
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Light Amplification through Stimulated Emission of Radiation which does not do the effect any justice.The Laser effect is a marvel of science turning pure light into an effective tool for the betterment of mankind ;-)
laser stands for tunder
A laser (from the acronym Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is an optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. The back-formed verb to lase means "to produce laser light" or possibly "to apply laser light to".In analogy with optical lasers, a device which produces any particles or electromagnetic radiation in a coherent state is also called a "laser", usually with indication of type of particle as prefix (for example, atom laser.) In most cases, "laser" refers to a source of coherent photons, i.e. light or other electromagnetic radiation.Laser light is typically near-monochromatic, i.e., consisting of a single wavelength or color, and emitted in a narrow beam. This contrasts with common light sources, such as the incandescent light bulb, which emit incoherent photons in almost all directions, usually over a wide spectrum of wavelengths.Laser action is explained by the theories of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. Many materials have been found to have the required characteristics to form the laser gain medium needed to power a laser, and these have led to the invention of many types of lasers with different characteristics suitable for different applications.The laser was proposed as a variation of the maser principle in the late 1950s, and the first laser was demonstrated in 1960. Since that time, laser manufacture has become a multi-billion dollar industry, and the laser has found applications in fields including science, industry, medicine, and consumer electronics.
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
The term LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
What does it take to get become a Medical Examiner?
What are the steps %26 courses you have to take to become a M. E.?
Answers:
1) 4 years of pre-med at college
2) 4 years of Medical School
3) It is best to be board certified in pathology, though this is not an absolute necessity, it can be in another field of medicine. A one year internship plus residency time plus board certification time is about another 5 years .
In some place, the position of medical examiner is appointed, while in other places it is an elected position.
A lot of school.
Answers:
1) 4 years of pre-med at college
2) 4 years of Medical School
3) It is best to be board certified in pathology, though this is not an absolute necessity, it can be in another field of medicine. A one year internship plus residency time plus board certification time is about another 5 years .
In some place, the position of medical examiner is appointed, while in other places it is an elected position.
A lot of school.
what does it take to be in medical field?
does anyone know the routine that everyone goes through in college when becoming a pharmacist, doctor, surgeon, etc. im thinking about doing this stuff but yeah its tough
Answers:
You do a four year accredited college with a major in bio.
During school, you take the MCATS - kinda like the SATs for med school.
You then spend 4 years in Med School.
You then spend 2-7 years in residency and possibly fellowship.
You then find work and begin practicing. During this time, you take numerous board exams to prove your worth as a physician. During residency and med school, you are basically working at it 24 hours a day. Tests are brutal. Hours are brutal. In residency, expect to be on call 24 hours a day 7 days a week. And expect to get called in regularly between the hours of 12am and 4am - and then be expected to report for your 7 or 8am shift. You will have very little life from the moment you enter med school. The better your grades in college, the better med school you will get into.
The better your grades in med school and the better the school, the better the residency programs you will get into.
The better you do in residency, the better the fellowship you may choose to pursue.
The better the residency and fellowship program you do, the better job you can get.
The better job you can get, the better money you can make. In short, you are looking at at least 10 years post high school before you can work.
Yeah it usually takes at least 8 years.
Biological sciences.
Your looking at years of education and devotion. Forget about friends and relationships. Your not going to get that till way after you have established yourself in the medical field. You should have a hard stomach and lots of compassion for people.
your interest is paramount,getting use 2 related subjects,going to a medical school.
Yes going into the medical field is tough. I want to do the same thing so I did a lot of research on it. After high school you must complete atleast 12 years of schooling to became a doctor/physians. In college you should take courses like cemistry, phisics, microbiology,english lititure. You must graduate with a BA( bachalors of Arts) or a BS ( bachalors of science). You must then complete 4 years of medical school and earn your M.D. or D.O. After medical school you must do residency that lasts 2-8 years. That is just the basic info with out the test I didnt mention.
I can help you a bit: I am a registered nurse with an Associate's in Science degree. My daughter has a B.S.In college you have elective but required courses to take to round off your degree and education. Some are Math, Physics (basic), English and some Science Labs (hands on learning--really cool). You can also choose a Language. Depends which college degree you want.As you choose your major and minor you will decide what road to take. There is a variety to choose from. The good thing is that if you do not like Biology or Chemistry, is that it can be a "test" to see if that is your field.Pharmacy is loaded with Chemistry.
Doctors and surgeons deal with the body's fluids and can save lives. There are also Physician's Assistant which is a lot less time and is becoming very popular, or same for a registered nurse practioner. EMD's and EMT's.Hope this helps you.
my first thought was a strong stomach.
It takes diligence, respect, and understanding. Be humble and remember that we all are human and no one person is perfect. I am an RN pursuing my masters. Working as a nurse has taught me to respect my peers and the people I take care of.
About 12yrs of college
DESIRE %26 A GOOD SCIENTIFIC BIOLIGICAL APPTIDUDENOT TO MENTION TENURE EX= INTERNSHIP
Your first step would be to decide on a college whether community or university then talk to an admissions counselor to help you the rest of the way.
It takes much time, money, patience, willingness to give up your time with your family, a strong determination to succeed, a very strong need to make a difference in the world (one small piece at a time) and an iron stomach.
Most medical educations are based strongly in the sciences. The specialty parts come after the preliminary school courses are finished. The time is long, the hours are long, but they are worth it in the end.
Check out several schools and look for their course requirements. If you are thinking of doing this- go for it!
Answers:
You do a four year accredited college with a major in bio.
During school, you take the MCATS - kinda like the SATs for med school.
You then spend 4 years in Med School.
You then spend 2-7 years in residency and possibly fellowship.
You then find work and begin practicing. During this time, you take numerous board exams to prove your worth as a physician. During residency and med school, you are basically working at it 24 hours a day. Tests are brutal. Hours are brutal. In residency, expect to be on call 24 hours a day 7 days a week. And expect to get called in regularly between the hours of 12am and 4am - and then be expected to report for your 7 or 8am shift. You will have very little life from the moment you enter med school. The better your grades in college, the better med school you will get into.
The better your grades in med school and the better the school, the better the residency programs you will get into.
The better you do in residency, the better the fellowship you may choose to pursue.
The better the residency and fellowship program you do, the better job you can get.
The better job you can get, the better money you can make. In short, you are looking at at least 10 years post high school before you can work.
Yeah it usually takes at least 8 years.
Biological sciences.
Your looking at years of education and devotion. Forget about friends and relationships. Your not going to get that till way after you have established yourself in the medical field. You should have a hard stomach and lots of compassion for people.
your interest is paramount,getting use 2 related subjects,going to a medical school.
Yes going into the medical field is tough. I want to do the same thing so I did a lot of research on it. After high school you must complete atleast 12 years of schooling to became a doctor/physians. In college you should take courses like cemistry, phisics, microbiology,english lititure. You must graduate with a BA( bachalors of Arts) or a BS ( bachalors of science). You must then complete 4 years of medical school and earn your M.D. or D.O. After medical school you must do residency that lasts 2-8 years. That is just the basic info with out the test I didnt mention.
I can help you a bit: I am a registered nurse with an Associate's in Science degree. My daughter has a B.S.In college you have elective but required courses to take to round off your degree and education. Some are Math, Physics (basic), English and some Science Labs (hands on learning--really cool). You can also choose a Language. Depends which college degree you want.As you choose your major and minor you will decide what road to take. There is a variety to choose from. The good thing is that if you do not like Biology or Chemistry, is that it can be a "test" to see if that is your field.Pharmacy is loaded with Chemistry.
Doctors and surgeons deal with the body's fluids and can save lives. There are also Physician's Assistant which is a lot less time and is becoming very popular, or same for a registered nurse practioner. EMD's and EMT's.Hope this helps you.
my first thought was a strong stomach.
It takes diligence, respect, and understanding. Be humble and remember that we all are human and no one person is perfect. I am an RN pursuing my masters. Working as a nurse has taught me to respect my peers and the people I take care of.
About 12yrs of college
DESIRE %26 A GOOD SCIENTIFIC BIOLIGICAL APPTIDUDENOT TO MENTION TENURE EX= INTERNSHIP
Your first step would be to decide on a college whether community or university then talk to an admissions counselor to help you the rest of the way.
It takes much time, money, patience, willingness to give up your time with your family, a strong determination to succeed, a very strong need to make a difference in the world (one small piece at a time) and an iron stomach.
Most medical educations are based strongly in the sciences. The specialty parts come after the preliminary school courses are finished. The time is long, the hours are long, but they are worth it in the end.
Check out several schools and look for their course requirements. If you are thinking of doing this- go for it!
what does it sound like if you are getting an MRI scan of your brain?
Answers:
It is a rapid clicking sound. MRIs are really easy on patients!
Like you are dumb.
It will not hurt you will have some ear plugs you will hear a clicking sound
It's pretty noisy. Goes something like this.
"purdy purdy purdy diiiieeee diiieeee diiieeeee bang bang bang bang bang"
It is a quick and painless procedure requested to find out what is happening in your brain, check out any signs of trauma, injuries, changes etc. for either purpose (Physiological/mental)
It is very loud. There is a lot of knocking sounds. I had a brain tumor 6 years ago and have a MRI every year
I HAD TWO, ITS LIKE A HAMMER POUNDING ON METAL SOME OF THE TIME, THEN CLICKING, IF YOU ARE CLAUSTROPHOBIC YOU MAY WANT TO TAKE THE PILL THEY OFFER YOU, ALL IN ALL THEY AREN'T BAD.
They put ear plugs in and foam pads over your ears, you just hear some light banging noises and the tech will talk you through it. I almost fell asleep!
actually th MRI scanning process is sound-free (magnetic fields, what do you expect? :-) )the sounds come from various moving parts within the machine. sounds scary but doesn't hurt you one wee bit
They'll give you earplugs to put in your ears. After that, you'll hear something like a hammer hitting metal or a jackhammer. The technician is usually talking to you throughout the whole process. I recommend closing your eyes if you're claustrophobic =)
Clack, clack clack, clack, clack clack,clack,clack, for long period of times, it is very uncomfortable, but it is very helpful to find out a lot of things.
what does it mean, the pharmacist sign (symbol) the one with snake around the stick?
Answers:
The icon is the cadeusis, or staff of Hermes (the Greek messenger god.)The staff dates back to Greek times, and comes to medicine and pharmacy through mediveal alchemists. Here is one description:"The mythical origin of his magic twin serpent caduceus is described in the story of Tiresias. Poulenc, in "Les Mamelles de Tiresias" (The Breasts of Tiresias) tells how Tiresias--the seer who was so unhelpful to Oepidus and Family- found two snakes copulating, and to separate them stuck his staff between them. Immediately he was turned into a woman, and remained so for seven years, until he was able to repeat his action, and change back to male. The transformative power in this story, strong enough to completely reverse even physical polarities of male and female, comes from the union of the two serpents, passed on by the wand. Tiresias' staff, complete with serpents, was later passed on to Hermes."The use of the staff was adopted by alchemists becaue it represnted the transformative and curative powers of alchemy/medicine, and has remained in use since that time.There is also a version with one snake -- that is the rod of Ascelpius, who was a God of healing:
"From the early 16th century onwards, the staff of Asclepius and the caduceus of Hermes were widely used as printers鈥?marks especially as frontispieces to pharmacopoeias in the 17th and 18th centuries. Over time the rod and serpent (the Asclepian staff) emerged as an independent symbol of medicine."
The snake is actually symbolic of a boa constricter choking the H E double hockey sticks out of your wallet!
I believe it derives from Moses. there was something in the OT about Moses and some snakes and he put one on a stick to get rid of the rest. It is a foreshadow of Christ I think. Anyway, that is a guess based on what I think I might remember.
umm, ask you parmasts
First, the snake isn't a snake. It is the guinea worm and when it infects humans, the disease is called Draconculiasis. It is common in Egypt, the Near East, India and in the southern part of Russia. It is unsurpassed by any parasite for its remarkable behavior.The Caduces is a symbolic staff surmounted by two wings and entwined with two snakes. Today, variations of it adorns cheques, office stationary, and uniforms of medical personnel around the world.
Check out the article on Caduceus from Wikipedia.I don't want to plagarize it.
am on fire dept/ ems squad .on the squad you see the STAR OF LIFE . read about the history of the star of life
What does it mean when you have MT at the end of your name?
You know doctors have MD, well what does the MT stand for?
Answers:
Medical Technologist
Medical Technologist, a person who performs the laboratory testing on blood and other body fluids.
Medical Technologist
Answers:
Medical Technologist
Medical Technologist, a person who performs the laboratory testing on blood and other body fluids.
Medical Technologist
What does it mean when you ask a person a question and their eyes go rapidly side to side?
Answers:
Ah, a great question!It was mentioned that in psychology a person is lying if they look up to the left. SOMETIMES it is true.A person's eyes actually try to "look" at the brain where the answer is coming from. A person who remembers things visually (photographic memory) will look at all parts of their brain to find the answer. And when the info is found, their eyes will sweep back and forth while reading.
This behavior can be seen when watching movies. Some actors will quickly look side to side when talking (in some scenes) because they are "reading their lines". Directors try to get the actors to stop doing that, because it is "annoying to the audience".Some people look down and to the right. These people are auditory learners. They are looking at the memory, and then their eyes glance left quickly as they are intrepreting the memory.A person who remembers by doing will look down. This downward glance means that they can remember by "looking at their hands doing the work". Then they will look up to interpret.
it mean that the perso whi u r talking to dont want to hear what u have to say are just dont want to talk.
Maybe their stupid, or they don't know the answer.
It's actually a sign that they're not telling the truth. Looking side to side or up and to the left is usually a invulintary reaction caused when "making up an answer" I hope I helped some.
there is something called nystagmus ( a rapid eye movement) due to a disease in their inner ears due to a severe infection or radiation due to tumour in the face or neck where the rays affect the inner ear
Looking up and to the left or up and to the right is called a contralateral eye movement or CLEM. As was mentioned above, it can be indicitive of cortical laterality -- in other words, which side of the brain that the person is using when considering the answer to the question.Nystagmus is an eye movement that typically has two phases: a fast phase and a slow phase. If you want to see nystagmus, do the following. Take a friend, sit them down on a desk chair, and spin the chair in circles for ten or twenty rotations and then stop . Ask your friend to try to stair at something on the wall. They will have difficulty with this task. Their eyes will move quickly in the direction of the chair's rotation and then slowly back in the opposite direction to the chair's rotation.There are a lot of different reasons why a person would develop nystagmus including inner ear problems. The sobriety test where the cop asks the driver to follow his finger is a test for nystagmus. This test is trying to ellicit gaze-evoked nystgmus. As the cop moves his finger to the far right and the far left of the driver's visual field, if the driver has been drinking, his eyes will exhibit nystgmus.A lot of patients with disabilities have constant nystagmus making it difficult or impossible to fixate on anything.
Most likely, they are thinking about how to answer your question.
What does it mean when they make a "copy" at a pharmacy?
I always hear the clerks yell out, "I have a copy on line 2!" What is it that they are "copying?"
Answers:
actually, it means another pharmacy is calling to transfer the refills of a prescription to their pharmacy. Some people call it a "transfer" others call it a "copy"
It means the chemist is playing with the photocopier again.
I think it means a doctors office.
Answers:
actually, it means another pharmacy is calling to transfer the refills of a prescription to their pharmacy. Some people call it a "transfer" others call it a "copy"
It means the chemist is playing with the photocopier again.
I think it means a doctors office.
what does it mean when the eyes r directed anteriorly?
read it on a website.
Answers:
Outwardly as opposed to being cross-eyed
they are supposed to move in the same directions.
Anterior means front as opposed to posterior. An alternative word for anterior in this case is medial (nearer to the midline), as opposed to lateral. What it means is both eyes move in the direction towards the middle, basically, crossed eyes.
Eyes are facing forward, the way they should be, not rolling backward.
not understand exactly your Q
Answers:
Outwardly as opposed to being cross-eyed
they are supposed to move in the same directions.
Anterior means front as opposed to posterior. An alternative word for anterior in this case is medial (nearer to the midline), as opposed to lateral. What it means is both eyes move in the direction towards the middle, basically, crossed eyes.
Eyes are facing forward, the way they should be, not rolling backward.
not understand exactly your Q
What does it mean when someone is septic?
Answers:
A systemic infection, or the bacteria or virus is circulating throughout his body carried by blood. It means he is in critical condition right now and pray that his immune system can overcome the infection.By the way, contrary to what Emerson and sweettask said, sepsis is so much different from septic shock! Sepsis is the condition of having bacteremia or viremia, and shock is the late-stage respond of the body to the sepsis. In sepsis, your heart rate is fast, blood pressure and breathing maybe normal. But in septic shock, your heart may even stop beating, breathing is labored and blood pressure goes down, in short, spetic shock is a near-dying condition, while sepsis is just being sick. Get it?
it means that whatever their original infection was ..is now in the blood stream
its systemic
They have an infection that puts their body into shock.
Their body is toxic. Do you know what a septic tank or septic system is? Waste products (poop and pee/dirty).
Wow, 'septic' like septic tank? the stuff that flushes out of your toilet..septic? They must be full of sh*it.
If you mean 'skeptic'? Non- believer! Not easily convinced.
It means a local infection just spread through the whole body.
Septic typically refers to Septic Shock which is a toxic infection which causes the body to go into shock. For instance, if you were swimming in dirty water and obtained a laceration to your leg, the bacteria from the water could then enter your bloodstream sending you into septic shock.This could lead to bradycardia and cause the liver to fail.
skeptic-one who doubts,questions,or disagree
with what someone says/does..
Septic shock is caused by cytokines (substances made by the immune system to fight an infection (see Biology of the Immune System: Cytokines) and by the toxins produced by some bacteria. These substances cause the blood vessels to widen (dilate), which results in a drop in blood pressure. Consequently, blood flow to vital organs鈥攑articularly the kidneys and brain鈥攊s reduced. This reduction in blood flow occurs despite the body's attempts to compensate by increasing both the heart rate and the volume of blood pumped. Eventually, the toxins and the increased work of pumping weaken the heart, resulting in a decreased output of blood and even poorer blood flow to vital organs. The walls of the blood vessels may leak, allowing fluid to escape from the bloodstream into tissues and causing swelling. Leakage and swelling can develop in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing (respiratory distress). early symptoms may include a shaking chill; a rapid rise in temperature; warm, flushed skin; a rapid, pounding pulse; excessively rapid breathing; and blood pressure that rises and falls. Urinary output decreases. Tissues with poor blood flow release excess lactic acid into the bloodstream, causing the blood to become more acidic, which results in malfunction of many different organs. In later stages, the body temperature often falls below normal.As septic shock worsens, several organs may fail. For example, the kidneys may fail, resulting in very low or no urine output and the accumulation of metabolic waste products (such as urea nitrogen) in the blood. The lungs may fail, resulting in breathing difficulties and a reduction in the level of oxygen in the blood. The heart may fail, resulting in fluid retention and swelling of tissues. Additionally, blood clots may form inside blood vessels.As soon as symptoms of septic shock are apparent, the person must be admitted to an intensive care unit for treatment. Large amounts of fluid are given intravenously to increase the blood pressure. Drugs are given to increase blood flow to the brain, heart, and other organs. Extra oxygen is given. If the lungs fail, the person may need a mechanical ventilator to help breathing.High doses of intravenous antibiotics are given as soon as blood samples have been taken for laboratory cultures. Until the laboratory identifies the infecting bacteria, two or more antibiotics are usually given together to increase the chances of killing the bacteria.
someone is septic if the infection in his body has already spread or it is very severe already due to immune response.
In plain English it means they have blood poisoning. To be more descriptive, it means that an infection has entered the blood stream.
Sepsis- A morbid condition resulting from the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their products.-septic, adj.
Sepsis is infection with pus forming bacteria.
What does it mean when a US patent application ipublished and publicly available to others?
What additional steps are necessary to have the patent approved by the US patent office?
Answers:
If the patent is published it means that it is under review by a patent examiner, but you don't have your patent yet. Since it published the rest of the world can read what you are going to patent. This happens to all patents. The examiner is now comparing your claims to the prior art (other patents) and will rule judgment on what claims are allowed to you. If you are lucky you get all the claims right away and the patent is granted. Typically you, your patent lawyer, and the examiner will go through rounds of examinations where your claims are reduced in number and scope until it is unique and not covered by prior art. Could take years to finish depending on what is claimed.
the best road to take is to get a patent lawyer
or u could sell ur soul and have every thing u want
When it is published, you can say Patent Pending. You have to negotiate with the patent examiners to get final approval, especially as to the claims.
Answers:
If the patent is published it means that it is under review by a patent examiner, but you don't have your patent yet. Since it published the rest of the world can read what you are going to patent. This happens to all patents. The examiner is now comparing your claims to the prior art (other patents) and will rule judgment on what claims are allowed to you. If you are lucky you get all the claims right away and the patent is granted. Typically you, your patent lawyer, and the examiner will go through rounds of examinations where your claims are reduced in number and scope until it is unique and not covered by prior art. Could take years to finish depending on what is claimed.
the best road to take is to get a patent lawyer
or u could sell ur soul and have every thing u want
When it is published, you can say Patent Pending. You have to negotiate with the patent examiners to get final approval, especially as to the claims.
What does it mean when a doctor writes in their notes that someone is a "difficult historian"?
My 2yr old daughter has failure to thrive, fed through a tube, wont eat and she sees several specialists. I feel they are pointing the finger at me, with no real answers.
Answers:
When trying to figure out what is going on in a medical case, the doctor may sometimes have trouble documenting the whole story. So, he or she will instead have to document that they are having trouble getting the whole story. So, they will sometimes write that the patient is a "poor historian" meaning they don't keep track of what is going on with their health, or a "difficult historian" meaning that getting the full story is difficult. You will help your daughter if you patiently give the whole story, even when you are asked again and again. Good luck.
It means the patients can't get their story straight, tells it different ways several times, can't remember things, isn't certain of what happened, can't answer questions right, etc.
Answers:
When trying to figure out what is going on in a medical case, the doctor may sometimes have trouble documenting the whole story. So, he or she will instead have to document that they are having trouble getting the whole story. So, they will sometimes write that the patient is a "poor historian" meaning they don't keep track of what is going on with their health, or a "difficult historian" meaning that getting the full story is difficult. You will help your daughter if you patiently give the whole story, even when you are asked again and again. Good luck.
It means the patients can't get their story straight, tells it different ways several times, can't remember things, isn't certain of what happened, can't answer questions right, etc.
What does it mean if your tampon never stays in?
My girlfriend told us the other day that the whole time she has been wearing tampons, they have always slipped out. We laughed at first, but after realizing she was serious, we threw out our ideas. I suggested that she wasn't pushing it in far enough. She said that she pushes it in as far as it will go. Another friend.yes, a friend, said her p** was blown out and that was why. Is this a possibility? Our friend said it was like this even before she had sex. Let us know.
Answers:
Its unlikely to have anything to do with sex.Some women have very short vaginal length and thus there isnt good room for a tampon. Also some women - and myself included in this - have a slightly different hip and pelvic angle, which causes the tampon to want to slide forward. With my hip angles I'm more likely to have them slip during the day when I'm walking than at night when I'm laying down. It is unlikely she will ever get a tampon to stay in place correctly and should consider either pads or "cups" (menses cup) to use in place of a tampon if they cause her problems.
u should probally get that checked out but it might be to slippery
It's possible she is using the smallest absorbency of a tampon and needs to switch to the bigger ones, I have actually had that happen the the small ones when it was well..full.
she or you need a larger size or you have been placing the entire tampon in. that includes applicator.
ITS TOO BLOODY
Like eveyone said use a larger one!
Youve been around the block a few times. Like feeding a tic tac to a whale.
Answers:
Its unlikely to have anything to do with sex.Some women have very short vaginal length and thus there isnt good room for a tampon. Also some women - and myself included in this - have a slightly different hip and pelvic angle, which causes the tampon to want to slide forward. With my hip angles I'm more likely to have them slip during the day when I'm walking than at night when I'm laying down. It is unlikely she will ever get a tampon to stay in place correctly and should consider either pads or "cups" (menses cup) to use in place of a tampon if they cause her problems.
u should probally get that checked out but it might be to slippery
It's possible she is using the smallest absorbency of a tampon and needs to switch to the bigger ones, I have actually had that happen the the small ones when it was well..full.
she or you need a larger size or you have been placing the entire tampon in. that includes applicator.
ITS TOO BLOODY
Like eveyone said use a larger one!
Youve been around the block a few times. Like feeding a tic tac to a whale.
What does it mean if urinary catecholamine levels are elevated?
Answers:
Detection of abnormal catecholamine levels and localization of tumor mass are important factors in the diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma.^Iodine 131-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was performed in 64 patients with suspected pheochromocytoma if their urinary catecholamine levels were borderline or elevated, or if the clinical suspicion for pheochromocytoma was high in spite of normal urinary catecholamine determinations.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scans were evaluated for abnormal localization of tracer.^Twenty-four-hour urine collections were analyzed for vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillic acid, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.^Thirty of the 64 patients had pheochromocytomas.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan had a sensitivity and a specificity of 88%.^The 24-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid and norepinephrine measurements had the best sensitivity (97%), while the vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid measurements had the best specificity (91%).^In patients in whom the vanillylmandelic acid measurement and the 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan were normal, no pheochromocytomas were found.^In patients in whom the vanillylmandelic acid measurement and 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan were abnormal, a pheochromocytoma was always present.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan often documents the presence or absence of a pheochromocytoma and provides localization of the tumor in the preoperative evaluation of these patients.
look it up, then ask your doctor
Stop looking for medical advice on the internet. There are a lot of crackpots here. Ask a doctor
There are a number of things that could cause elevated urinary catecholamines. One thing that comes quickly to mind is a pheochromocytoma, but that's hardly the only possibility.Unfortunately, since this is a somewhat generic lab result, there isn't a quick and easy answer to your question. You really need to sit down with your doctor and talk about what might be going on.Don't be afraid to ask your doctor questions, and be persistent until you understand what is going on.Hope this helps!
What does it mean If I dream that I can fly in a dream?
I have just read some questions and answers about dreams in which people fly. But I have a much strange situation.I used to dream about falling into a very deep space from my bed.It was scary for me. But this was all 4 or 5 years back. These days I dreAM ABOUT FLYING. I could fly if i make a peculiar move with my legs.I dream very often about this. I wander around my university and frnds places. So used to think I should probably talk to a psychiatrist or something about my dream(just for fun). But then I had this strange dream. I was having a dream in my dream. I went to a psychiatrist to discuss my dream (in a dream).She heard my dream,took me to a open place and asked me to try flying. And to my wonder I was able to fly again in front of her. I would like to know if anyone can tell what all this means. I am even more interested in knowing if this means any significant change in my attitude and life. Is this kind of dream good?
thanks for replying
Answers:
Flying almost always means that you are feeling satisfaction and confidence in your real life.Whatever's going on right now--good on ya'!
You are taking control of your life.
Good Dream for sure! Kool isn't it?
Hope that you can have this dream throughout your life..a tremendous feeling of freedom, isn't it? Supposedly, has to do with running your own show, common to those who are starting on their own trail away from the home they have always known. Dream on.
You are a very pure person, you have a very strong sole which allows you in your dreams to fly, get red of your body and navigate around, that is very good and it will affect your whole life don't worry
Dreams are generally simply recollections of our day. Have you been doing any one thing the same each day?It is also thought that dreams are linked to emotion. Have you been feeling the same way for a while?In my opionion,
1)It's prolly nothing.
2)It rocks to fly in dreams!PS:Few people dream a lot, few dream in color, so.
Don't ever fly in front of your pshychiatrist again. She'll just find a way to make it not fun anymore. I also reccommend that if you try flying while you're awake that you start where no one can see you, or else they'll laugh at you for acting wierd.
In my flying dream I can sometimes take of from standing still but I can also build up momentum by running before I leap into the air. That seems to work better for the times that I need to escape from the wolves that are chasing me. Also I have a fear of heights when I sleep (not when I'm awake) so I try to fly higher and higher to get over my fear. Cause it is pretty stinkin' fun to be able to fly around like that.
Wow.a dream in a dream. That's really interesting. I wonder if that means you have more control over your dreams (or perhaps even your life) than you had previously thought. Dreaming dreams in your dreams seems like maybe you'd think you were dreaming your life away. Like maybe you're in such a deep sleep as to have to recover twice. haha I think that's interesting your ability to recall your dreams and the flying aspect is of equal interest. I think it's a very interesting top that you should delve further into if you're really interested. Worst case scenario you have fun figuring out what Sigmund Freud might have thought about it haha. Have fun and good luck!
thanks for replying
Answers:
Flying almost always means that you are feeling satisfaction and confidence in your real life.Whatever's going on right now--good on ya'!
You are taking control of your life.
Good Dream for sure! Kool isn't it?
Hope that you can have this dream throughout your life..a tremendous feeling of freedom, isn't it? Supposedly, has to do with running your own show, common to those who are starting on their own trail away from the home they have always known. Dream on.
You are a very pure person, you have a very strong sole which allows you in your dreams to fly, get red of your body and navigate around, that is very good and it will affect your whole life don't worry
Dreams are generally simply recollections of our day. Have you been doing any one thing the same each day?It is also thought that dreams are linked to emotion. Have you been feeling the same way for a while?In my opionion,
1)It's prolly nothing.
2)It rocks to fly in dreams!PS:Few people dream a lot, few dream in color, so.
Don't ever fly in front of your pshychiatrist again. She'll just find a way to make it not fun anymore. I also reccommend that if you try flying while you're awake that you start where no one can see you, or else they'll laugh at you for acting wierd.
In my flying dream I can sometimes take of from standing still but I can also build up momentum by running before I leap into the air. That seems to work better for the times that I need to escape from the wolves that are chasing me. Also I have a fear of heights when I sleep (not when I'm awake) so I try to fly higher and higher to get over my fear. Cause it is pretty stinkin' fun to be able to fly around like that.
Wow.a dream in a dream. That's really interesting. I wonder if that means you have more control over your dreams (or perhaps even your life) than you had previously thought. Dreaming dreams in your dreams seems like maybe you'd think you were dreaming your life away. Like maybe you're in such a deep sleep as to have to recover twice. haha I think that's interesting your ability to recall your dreams and the flying aspect is of equal interest. I think it's a very interesting top that you should delve further into if you're really interested. Worst case scenario you have fun figuring out what Sigmund Freud might have thought about it haha. Have fun and good luck!
What does it feel like to die?
Answers:
None of us have a clue.. because we are alive. My mother" almost died".. she had an internal injury.. and she said she felt complete peace. I guess.. thats a good thing.
i dont think anyone really knows that..
Since dead people can't login to Yahoo! Answers, there's no way to really know.
I dont know but i really dont want know untill im 98.
2 lose your life
ur body gos cold and numb. Ur vision fades and ur mind shuts down. All ur lifes moments falsh across ur brainwithin a few seconds-ur family,friends,god and bad things-evrything!!.Lol. dont try it..
One of two:A. If you know Jesus Christ as your Lord and Saviour, you feel extraordinary joy,B. If you don't know Him, unfathomable terror.
I'm not sure if I'm the right person to tell you that.
Nothing. You are dead.
People say when you are dying your whole life flashes in front of you. I guess that's right, knowing that you won't be here anymore makes you think about all the things you did since you were a kid, and you do that remembering without you knowing it.
well from personal experience.. ______________________________.
What does it denote , " Sustained Release"?
In medicines like 'Aceclofenac sustained release tablets" what does it imply by the words sustained release.
Answers:
It means that instead of the medicine all hitting your system at once and then tapering off pretty quickly, it dissolves slowly, releasing the medicine at a steady pace.
they have made the tablet so that it will dissolve slowly releasing the medication slowly over time. This means you do not receive a high dose at one time that your body eliminates quickly. This lets you take your medicine once or twice a day instead of up to eight times a day. much more convenient.
The rate at which a drug is released from a resinate is dependent on many factors. In many cases the rate is sufficiently slow that the resulting effect is an extended or sustained release over many hours. Further modification can be achieved by the use of coatings that restrict the release, or control the site of release.Examples of drugs where this technique is currently used include dextromethorphan (coated), diclofenac, and nicotine.
sus鈥ained-re鈥easePronunciation: (su-st膩nd'ri-l膿s'), [key]
鈥攁dj. Chem., Pharm.
(of a drug or fertilizer) capable of gradual release of an active agent over a period of time, allowing for a sustained effect; timed-release; long-acting; prolonged-action; slow-release.
Answers:
It means that instead of the medicine all hitting your system at once and then tapering off pretty quickly, it dissolves slowly, releasing the medicine at a steady pace.
they have made the tablet so that it will dissolve slowly releasing the medication slowly over time. This means you do not receive a high dose at one time that your body eliminates quickly. This lets you take your medicine once or twice a day instead of up to eight times a day. much more convenient.
The rate at which a drug is released from a resinate is dependent on many factors. In many cases the rate is sufficiently slow that the resulting effect is an extended or sustained release over many hours. Further modification can be achieved by the use of coatings that restrict the release, or control the site of release.Examples of drugs where this technique is currently used include dextromethorphan (coated), diclofenac, and nicotine.
sus鈥ained-re鈥easePronunciation: (su-st膩nd'ri-l膿s'), [key]
鈥攁dj. Chem., Pharm.
(of a drug or fertilizer) capable of gradual release of an active agent over a period of time, allowing for a sustained effect; timed-release; long-acting; prolonged-action; slow-release.
what does immunoglobulin have to do with multiple myeloma?
Answers:
Immunoglobulins are supposed to be made to protect you from infections, etc. But in the disease called multiple myeloma, too much of certain immunoglobulins are produced. And they are all the same, like a copier that won't quit. Then there are so many of them it sort of clog things up, and most of them don't work right so the person get infected anyway.
The cancerous cell type in multiple myeloma is the cell that produces antibodies (ie. Immunoglobulin).Often they make abnormal proteins.Check the wiki page on it
It is the "marker" for MMMM releases a type of IG? and that is what is picked up. Usually checked with a SPEP test.Different types - such as IGG, IGA etc. here is a bunch more infor www.myeloma.orgjewells
30 months and still here
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