Sunday, May 23, 2010
What does the 'C' in CRP (or C reactive protein) stand for?
Answers:
The C is for the overal consentration of the protein. Like BAC(blood alcohol content) it is looking for how much of something is in another.It is not a new test, but it is a test in the news. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.It's value is as a general indicator, not specific.It must be noted that even in known cases of inflammatory disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, a low CRP level is possible, and is not indicative of no inflammation.Normally there is no CRP in blood serum. From Lab Tests Online, "a high or increasing amount of CRP in your blood suggests that you have an acute infection or inflammation. Although a result above 1 mg/dL is usually considered high for CRP, most infections and inflammations result in CRP levels above 10 mg/dL".A positive CRP may be an indicator of several conditions, including:rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatic fever
cancer
tuberculosis
pneumonia
heart attack
lupusA positive CRP also can be detected during the last half of pregnancy or with the use of oral contraception.Sedimentation RateAnother blood test often ordered in conjunction with CRP is known as ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or sedrate). Both CRP and ESR give similar information about non-specific inflammation. CRP appears and disappears more quickly than changes in ESR. Therefore, your CRP level may drop to normal following successful treatment, whereas ESR may remain elevated for a longer period.Most recently, CRP has made headlines as it relates to heart disease. New studies indicate CRP may be elevated in heart attacks. It is yet to be determined if CRP serves as a marker of heart disease or whether it plays a part in causing atherosclerotic disease (hardening of the arteries).There is also a high sensitivity CRP test (hs-CRP) in addition to the regular CRP test. The hs-CRP measures very low amounts of CRP in the blood and is typically used to assess risk for heart problems.As a blood test, CRP is not specific. A high result serves as a general indication of acute inflammation. In cases of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, doctors can utilize the CRP test to assess the effectiveness of a specific arthritis treatment and monitor periods of disease flareup.
CARDIAL
cardiac
C for COMPLEMENT. This is a blood test that measures complement activity or the concentration of complement components in serum. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.
What does the abbreviation ENT stand for?
Answers:
E.N.T.stands for Ear, nose and throat. Otorhinoloryngology (oto-ear; rhino-nose; larynx-throat; logos-science) The branch of medicine dealing with the ear, nose and throat.
Pease see the webpage for more details on ENT.
ear, nose, throat
this refers to ent doctors who specialize in the ear, nose, and throat areas.
Ear, nose, and Throat.
Ear Nose and Throat.. Is one thing, but I am sure there are many others
Ear Nose and Throat physician.
medicine ear, nose, and throat
Ears Nose and Throat
emt means emergency medical treatment
An ENT is a doctor who specializes in ear, nose and throat problems. An ENT is sometimes also called an Otolaryngologist.
An ENT with additional training in the medical and surgical management of dizziness,hearing loss, and tumors of the ear is called an Otologist.
entertainment
ear nose throat, its a doctor.
ENT stands for Ear, Nose which covers otolaryngology and head and neck medicine.
E stands for Ear, N for Nose %26 T for Throat, ENT is one of surgery dvisions or specialities.
ears nose and throat
ENT
abbr.ear, nose, and throat
E=EAR
N=NOSE
T=THROAT
ITS A MEDICAL ABBREVIATION
Ear Nose Throat
what does synopsicalmean in medical terms?
medically what does synopsical mean
Answers:
Synopsical would mean medically what it would mean otherwise i.e. in synopsis,.. in summary.it doesn't have any seperate medical meaning or context.I think synosical per se is not grammatically correct, anyway the point is just the same
Summative or the summary of the medical evaluation undertaken.
um. church?
its not synopsical its synoptical and it means presenting or taking the same point of view; used especially of the first three gospels of the New Testament; "the synoptic Gospels"
Generally, it means Taking the same point of view. that is if one doctor surmises that the problem is X and another doctor comes up with the same conclusion, then they hae a synoptical viewBy the say.. the word, I think you wanted was SYNOPTICAL
Answers:
Synopsical would mean medically what it would mean otherwise i.e. in synopsis,.. in summary.it doesn't have any seperate medical meaning or context.I think synosical per se is not grammatically correct, anyway the point is just the same
Summative or the summary of the medical evaluation undertaken.
um. church?
its not synopsical its synoptical and it means presenting or taking the same point of view; used especially of the first three gospels of the New Testament; "the synoptic Gospels"
Generally, it means Taking the same point of view. that is if one doctor surmises that the problem is X and another doctor comes up with the same conclusion, then they hae a synoptical viewBy the say.. the word, I think you wanted was SYNOPTICAL
what does sweat contain?
trying to find out water and waste products that are eliminated through the skin from the digestive stystem
Answers:
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride (commonly known as salt) and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. Sweat also consist of the chemicals or odorants 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.In humans, sweating is primarily a means of temperature regulation. Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Hence, in hot weather, or when the individual's muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat glands, such as dogs, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates water from the moist lining of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Mainly Sodium and Chloride, which is why it tastes salty. It also contains small amounts of other chemicals including urea. also some pheromones, from certain parts of the body, and some organis chemicals, fresh sweat dosen't smell bad, but after being attacked by skin bacteris, it will start to smell bad.
"Human sweat contains numerous substances. The most important substance to be replaced during and after exercise besides water, is sodium chloride (salt). Salt helps maintain proper neuromuscular action and promotes rehydration. In addition, salt, as in sports drinks, triggers thirst and helps prevent dehydration. Frequent muscle cramping in a minority of athletes results from excessive amounts of salt lost through sweat. This can be alleviated by consuming larger quantities of salt, in addition that provided in sports drinks."
sweat contains Nacl(Sodium chloride ) Urea, amino acids, water,proteins
well, it mainly composed of:
1-water.
2-sodium chloride.
3-urea.
4-odorants like 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.
Answers:
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride (commonly known as salt) and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. Sweat also consist of the chemicals or odorants 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.In humans, sweating is primarily a means of temperature regulation. Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Hence, in hot weather, or when the individual's muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat glands, such as dogs, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates water from the moist lining of the oral cavity and pharynx.
Mainly Sodium and Chloride, which is why it tastes salty. It also contains small amounts of other chemicals including urea. also some pheromones, from certain parts of the body, and some organis chemicals, fresh sweat dosen't smell bad, but after being attacked by skin bacteris, it will start to smell bad.
"Human sweat contains numerous substances. The most important substance to be replaced during and after exercise besides water, is sodium chloride (salt). Salt helps maintain proper neuromuscular action and promotes rehydration. In addition, salt, as in sports drinks, triggers thirst and helps prevent dehydration. Frequent muscle cramping in a minority of athletes results from excessive amounts of salt lost through sweat. This can be alleviated by consuming larger quantities of salt, in addition that provided in sports drinks."
sweat contains Nacl(Sodium chloride ) Urea, amino acids, water,proteins
well, it mainly composed of:
1-water.
2-sodium chloride.
3-urea.
4-odorants like 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.
What does subspecialty mean?
Like when a certain medical specialty has the option to do "subspecialty" for a couple of extra years why do they do it and besides more experience what do they get out of it?
Answers:
It's the ability to specialize even more in any given arena. For example, a pediatrician may decide to subspecialize in the treatment of childhood leukemia. Or an oncologist may decide to specialize in the treatment of breast cancer. And on it goes through all phases of medicine..
They do it because it is more challenging. And because they have a strong desire and drive to pursue that area of pratice. They usually end up in a much more elite, high end practice and can make alot more money.
A narrow field of study or work within a specialty, as pediatric dermatology or geriatric psychiatry.
Answers:
It's the ability to specialize even more in any given arena. For example, a pediatrician may decide to subspecialize in the treatment of childhood leukemia. Or an oncologist may decide to specialize in the treatment of breast cancer. And on it goes through all phases of medicine..
They do it because it is more challenging. And because they have a strong desire and drive to pursue that area of pratice. They usually end up in a much more elite, high end practice and can make alot more money.
A narrow field of study or work within a specialty, as pediatric dermatology or geriatric psychiatry.
what does ST elevation of an ECG of a patient who has recently suffered a heart attack indicate?
was wondering why chlopidogrel and aspirin are contra indicated in MI patients whith elevated ST segment. (According to BNF)
Answers:
The ST elevation, like any ECG abnormality, is an indication of and alteration to either the electrical activities in cardiac muscle cells and/or the normal progression of electrical signals in the heart, (the heart muscle cells are all electrically connected together, and there are nerves running through the heart - they are called Purkinje fibres).The sign ST elevation on an ECG is consistent with changes in conduction and cellular activity due to lack of nutrients and oxygen to the cells - therefore it indicates a poor/absent blood supply to a given region of heart muscle (therefore that heart muscle damage is either likely, or is actively occuring)ST elevation isn't actually the most reliable sign of damage to heart muscle. A better sign is wide and/or deep Q-waves on an ECG. Q-waves can take 24hrs to develop following a myocardial infarction (or "heart attack"), and so, if we were to wait for Q-waves, then it may be a little late to treat a heart attack.So, actually, heart attacks get divided into NSTEMIs (non ST elevation myocardial infarctions) and STEMIs (ST elevation myocardial infarctions). Provided there are no other contra-indications, STEMIs get treated with thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary angioplasty, as they are more serious than NSTEMIs.So, in a nutshell, an ST elevation on an ECG, in the presence of clinical signs (such as chest pain, shortness of breath etc..) is a sign that the current heart attack is rather more serious and hence needs riskier/more invasive treatment.PS: The above pertains to very recent ST elevation, in the presence of clinical signs such as chest pains etc. After a heart attack (assuming the patient survives), the ST elevation gradually settles, but this takes time. So ST elevation in the absence of clinical signs is merely a sign of a recent heart attack and is not, on its own, diagnostic of on-going damage.
I thought elivated T waves were a sign of hyperkalaemia (high potassium levels) Which BNF are you looking at? Mine, no.51, says 'acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation which is not the same as an MI. See NEJM article for more info
thay are still alive
Sounds like we're in the same boat.I even asked a specialist after my ECG showed an ST elevation and he mumbled something about blockages in arteries/blood unable to get through the heart valves and all sorts of other medical crap.
I'm still none the wiser to this day.
ST elevation on an EKG can indicate damage to your heart muscle, blocked arteries, etc. But, if the heart is worked on quickly, the muscle can sometimes repair itself..
this clearly shows that the patient has a bad heart problem it could be the mix of drugs also condition could be worsening
Answers:
The ST elevation, like any ECG abnormality, is an indication of and alteration to either the electrical activities in cardiac muscle cells and/or the normal progression of electrical signals in the heart, (the heart muscle cells are all electrically connected together, and there are nerves running through the heart - they are called Purkinje fibres).The sign ST elevation on an ECG is consistent with changes in conduction and cellular activity due to lack of nutrients and oxygen to the cells - therefore it indicates a poor/absent blood supply to a given region of heart muscle (therefore that heart muscle damage is either likely, or is actively occuring)ST elevation isn't actually the most reliable sign of damage to heart muscle. A better sign is wide and/or deep Q-waves on an ECG. Q-waves can take 24hrs to develop following a myocardial infarction (or "heart attack"), and so, if we were to wait for Q-waves, then it may be a little late to treat a heart attack.So, actually, heart attacks get divided into NSTEMIs (non ST elevation myocardial infarctions) and STEMIs (ST elevation myocardial infarctions). Provided there are no other contra-indications, STEMIs get treated with thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary angioplasty, as they are more serious than NSTEMIs.So, in a nutshell, an ST elevation on an ECG, in the presence of clinical signs (such as chest pain, shortness of breath etc..) is a sign that the current heart attack is rather more serious and hence needs riskier/more invasive treatment.PS: The above pertains to very recent ST elevation, in the presence of clinical signs such as chest pains etc. After a heart attack (assuming the patient survives), the ST elevation gradually settles, but this takes time. So ST elevation in the absence of clinical signs is merely a sign of a recent heart attack and is not, on its own, diagnostic of on-going damage.
I thought elivated T waves were a sign of hyperkalaemia (high potassium levels) Which BNF are you looking at? Mine, no.51, says 'acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation which is not the same as an MI. See NEJM article for more info
thay are still alive
Sounds like we're in the same boat.I even asked a specialist after my ECG showed an ST elevation and he mumbled something about blockages in arteries/blood unable to get through the heart valves and all sorts of other medical crap.
I'm still none the wiser to this day.
ST elevation on an EKG can indicate damage to your heart muscle, blocked arteries, etc. But, if the heart is worked on quickly, the muscle can sometimes repair itself..
this clearly shows that the patient has a bad heart problem it could be the mix of drugs also condition could be worsening
what does somatic recombination have to do with multiple myeloma?
Answers:
Mutation in the light chain protien that presents itself in MMtough question; I would check medical database for more or send email to the IMF so they could have science advisor answer.www.myeloma.orgJewells
30 months and still here
antibody variability.
The same thing that Bill had to do with Monica. :)
It shouldn't have anything to do with multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma starts as any other cancer starts, with a mutation of a gene. In this case, it is a mutation that occurs in plasma cells. Now, somatic recombination is involved with the selection of antibodies, which plasma cells secrete. But the malignancy does not relate to the recombination that produces the antibodies. It has to do with a mutation in the reproductive genetics of the cell, and not the cell's products.
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