Medicine helps

What does the shelf life of a drug mean?

2010-05-23T21:19:00.002-07:00

Answers:
It means that the active ingedient in the drug hasn't been tested for efficacy beyond that point, or that testing has shown reduced efficacy beyond that point. In most cases the reason is the former, not the latter. Meaning that after the specified date the drug may be less effective than advertised, thereby requiring labeling showing known shelf life.In other words, if you have 500mg tablets of Prilosec (The Purple Pill) with an expiration date of March 1, 2007, that means that the drug has been tested to be effective as advertised from the time the process on that particular batch was complete until the expiration date.Consumption AFTER the expiration date doesn't indicate that the drug will have adverse effects. It indicates that the effects may be reduced.

Means that beyond that date you should not consume the drug.

Same as the date on a carton of milk.
It is guaranteed fresh %26 good until that date.

How long the drug will last till it goes bad and non-edible.

it is the length of time a drug is safe to consume. but it differs from expiry date. the shelf life means the quality is optimal and beyond that it is still safe to consume but quality is no longer guaranteed.

the shelf life of a drug is the span of time when the drug is still effective and can be administered without any side effects

I am a med lab technologist and patient care technician, I also have my home nursing degree, the expiry date is just that.it has expired.it wont kill you if you take it, beyong popular belief, pills do not go bad or get spoiled.it just loses its potency. The effectiveness of the drug is not guarenteed after that date.

it's the expiration date. it can only be on the shelf for a certain amount of time before the potency goes down

Shelf life of a drug product is defined as the length of time, under the specific storage conditions, the drug product remains within specifications established to ensure its identity, purity, quality, and strength.

Let me give you an example. I don't know that you would consider hydrogen peroxide a legit "drug", but you may use it like a topical drug. Hydrogen peroxide has a half life. After a few years, any bottle of proxide solution will turn into a bottle of water (plus oxygen, which would probably slowly leak out.). Any drug you come across may have similar half lifes.. (although I can't say for certain what they would be, I'm not a chemist). Some drugs have a much longer storage life than others. I think asprin has an incredibly long shelf life. But the second factor is time itself. Some drugs are sensitive to moisture In the case of hydrogen peroxide, Ultraviolet exposure. The chances that any particular drug may have had something happen to it increase over time, therefore the likelyhood that any one pill will be as effective as when it was originally bought is deminished.Finally, drugmakers would like turnover, so its rather profitable for them to set limited shelf lifes. Please note: Antibiotics are netoriously short in shelf life. If you have old antibiotic ointments lying around, get rid of them because they won't do you any good.

Shelf life is just that.It is the amount of time the store can keep it on the shelf.It loses some of its potential after that.

what does the RX on doctors prescription mean??

2010-05-23T21:19:00.001-07:00

on doctors prescriptions there is always an RX sign at the beginning of the 1st line, u can c tis sign also in pharmacies, what does it mean, or what does it stands for??
Answers:
The simple, quick answer--but not the only (or most romantic) one--is that Rx is an abbreviation for the Latin word "recipere" or "recipe," which means "Take, thou."

Prescription

Rx means exactly that, prescription.Rx - is a short form of some word in Latin, I think.

The symbol "Rx" meaning "prescription" is a transliteration of a symbol resembling a capital R with a cross on the diagonal (鈩?.There are various theories about the origin of this symbol - some note its similarity to the Eye of Horus, others to the ancient symbol for Jupiter, both gods whose protection may have been sought in medical contexts. Alternatively, it may be intended as an abbreviation of the Latin "recipe", the imperative form of "recipere", "to take"[2], and it is quite possible that more than one of these factors influenced its form. Literally, "Recipe" means simply "Take.." and when a doctor writes a prescription beginning with "Rx", he or she is completing the command. This was probably originally directed at the pharmacist who needed to take a certain amount of each ingredient to compound the medicine, rather than at the patient who must "take" the medicine, in the sense of consuming it.Incidentally, in an entirely unrelated context (communications), "Rx" is an abbreviation for "receiver" or "to receive" and, in the same context, "Tx" is an abbreviation for "transmitter" or "to transmit."The word "prescription" can be decomposed into "pre" and "script" and literally means, "to write before" a drug can be prepared. Those within the industry will often call prescriptions simply "scripts".Rx can refer to:the symbol that originated in medical prescriptions. "鈩?quot; (also written as "Rx") and "medical prescription" are sometimes used interchangeably. The use of 鈩?in prescriptions originated as an astrological symbol that was written for talismanic reasons at the start of medical prescriptions. Later it changed into 鈩?(an uppercase R with its tail crossed), and was used as an abbreviation for the Latin word recipe = "take" (imperative), i.e. an instruction to the pharmacist to take the items listed in order to prepare the medicine. When printing came, it was rendered as "Rx"
Rx or legend drug is a legal description in the United States for drugs that are only available on prescription from a licensed medical practitioner but are not controlled substances.
Taken from:

what does the nervous system need most to function properly? fats, carbs.?

2010-05-23T21:19:00.000-07:00

Answers:
It needs protein and the right types of fatty acids (eg Omega 3 types), in abundance, to form properly. It mostly uses simple sugars as fuel (eg glucose), AFAIK.Cats need taurine to develop their brains, BTW. It is an amino acid, but is not one of the 20 normally used to build proteins.

It normally functions on glucose, but it LOVES ketones. Also fats are important for myelinization.

vitamin B complex (1-6-12)

what does the medication trmadol do and how hoes it work?

2010-05-23T21:18:00.003-07:00

Answers:
It's spelled tramadol, more information about it here: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/drugi.

Tramadol
Active Ingredients: Tramadol
Representative Names: Ultram
Available Product Images: What are tramadol tablets ?
What should my health care professional know before I take tramadol?
How should I take this medicine?
What if I miss a dose?
What drug(s) may interact with tramadol?
What side effects may I notice from taking tramadol?
What should I watch for while taking tramadol?
Where can I keep my medicine?What are tramadol tablets ? (Back to top)

What does the HCl that is included in many medication names refer to?

2010-05-23T21:18:00.002-07:00

Answers:
I know HCL as hydrochloric acid. However, I do not know any medication that makes use of HCL. Perhaps you could tell me the name of your medicine? (My guess is that those are orally ingested HCL tablets) HCL is actually found in the stomach and has a pH value of 2: highly acidic and corrosive. HCL activates the zymogens, pepsinogen and prorennin into pepsin and rennin. Besides, I have an interesting fact for you. Your stomach digests only PROTEINS. NO other stuff. Interesting it is right? Such a bag digests only protein!Zymogens are inactivated enzymes.
Enzymes help to digest food at a faster rate
Inactive enzymes cannot digest food

H = hydrogen
Cl = chloride
together they = hydrochloric acid

HCl is actually the short name or formula for hydrochloric acid.

first of all, HCl is not included in medications at the finished product, I mean its acidic effects does not exist, but its relative to its salt component, such as drug-HCl, because salts of HCl are easily dissolved in the media of stomach and intestine. so Drug-HCl is only means that itis the salt of medication, the cl is negative and the medication is positively charged in an acqeous solution.

HCL= [H] Hydrogen [CL] Chlorine.Combined HCL is pronounced
hydrochloric acid which of course is an acid.It is a amolecule having one atom of hydrogen and one atom of chlorine.When in a drug its acidic properties are next to nil.The HCl is present to make the drug soluble in water and digestive juices.

You ROCK Mr Pharm D Jtvone !Hydrochloride

The chemical compound hydrochloric acid is the aqueous (water-based) solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas. It is a strong acid, the major component of gastric acid and of wide industrial use. As a highly corrosive liquid, hydrochloric acid should be handled only with appropriate safety precautions.Hydrochloric acid, or muriatic acid by its historical but still occasionally used name, has been an important and frequently-used chemical from early history, and was discovered by the alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan around the year 800. It was used throughout the Middle Ages by alchemists in the quest for the philosopher's stone, and later by several European scientists including Glauber, Priestley, and Davy, to help establish modern chemical knowledge.During the Industrial Revolution, it became an important industrial chemical for many applications, including the large-scale production of organic compounds, such as vinyl chloride for PVC plastic and MDI/TDI for polyurethane, and smaller-scale applications, such as production of gelatin and other ingredients in food, and leather processing. At present, production is approximately 20 million metric tonnes annually (20 Mt/a) of HCl gas.

what does the expiration date on drugs mean?

2010-05-23T21:18:00.001-07:00

specifically i have ibuprofen with an expiration date of february 05. does the drug mutate into something harmful or does it just lose potency? if it is just a decrease in potency what would the current potency be as a percentage of the full strength?
Answers:
It really depends. For most drugs, the expiration date is not the actual "expiration" date, that is, the drug loses its potentcy/kills you, but the date you should discard it while you remember. As a matter of fact, most of the expired drugs, sometimes for years, are being donated by medical corporations to third world countries and a great majority of them are still effective. HOWEVER, this does not encourage you to take expired medicine. Depending on the drug you are having, it could be deadly. So to answer your question, don't try expired medicine unless you are in Africa (Yes, I know it sounds messed up).

It probably just loses potency. But be careful. Your body might have a crazy reaction to it. I took expired pills once thinking they'll still work. My body rejected it and I threw up. EWW! Gross!

The drugs were lab tested and their effective potency can be assured under normal storage conditions until the expiration date. Ibuprofen is inexpensive, take what you need for pain now (keep it under 800mg) and go get a new bottle.

With scripts it's the toss date, but over-the-counter drugs which are just a fraction of the potency; I usually keep another six months.

an expiration date on drugs mean they are no good. They are no longer in service to smoke. Don't smoke them, you can get really sick from it!

Expiration date on drugs means that after that date, it will START to decrease its potency until such time that the drug will lose its efficacy. AFTER that, it will start to become a harmful substance.Therefore, if possible, refrain from using expired drugs because you might not get the correct dosage that you need and it might even be harmful to your health.

The expiry date of drugs are the date when drugs start to rot..

It means the drug will probably not be as effective because the ingrediants have started to break down. Taking them could give you a reaction. It is possible that nothing else could happen because the drugs simply have lost their effectiveness.

What does the crista falciformis do?

2010-05-23T21:18:00.000-07:00

Answers:
polka

The crista falciformis, has two unequal portions. Each portion is further subdivided by a vertical ridge into an anterior and a posterior part. In the portion beneath the crista falciformis are three sets of foramina; one group, just below the posterior part of the crest, situated in the area cribrosa media, consists of several small openings for the nerves to the saccule

What does the 'C' in CRP (or C reactive protein) stand for?

2010-05-23T21:17:00.003-07:00

Answers:
The C is for the overal consentration of the protein. Like BAC(blood alcohol content) it is looking for how much of something is in another.It is not a new test, but it is a test in the news. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.It's value is as a general indicator, not specific.It must be noted that even in known cases of inflammatory disease, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, a low CRP level is possible, and is not indicative of no inflammation.Normally there is no CRP in blood serum. From Lab Tests Online, "a high or increasing amount of CRP in your blood suggests that you have an acute infection or inflammation. Although a result above 1 mg/dL is usually considered high for CRP, most infections and inflammations result in CRP levels above 10 mg/dL".A positive CRP may be an indicator of several conditions, including:rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatic fever
cancer
tuberculosis
pneumonia
heart attack
lupusA positive CRP also can be detected during the last half of pregnancy or with the use of oral contraception.Sedimentation RateAnother blood test often ordered in conjunction with CRP is known as ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate or sedrate). Both CRP and ESR give similar information about non-specific inflammation. CRP appears and disappears more quickly than changes in ESR. Therefore, your CRP level may drop to normal following successful treatment, whereas ESR may remain elevated for a longer period.Most recently, CRP has made headlines as it relates to heart disease. New studies indicate CRP may be elevated in heart attacks. It is yet to be determined if CRP serves as a marker of heart disease or whether it plays a part in causing atherosclerotic disease (hardening of the arteries).There is also a high sensitivity CRP test (hs-CRP) in addition to the regular CRP test. The hs-CRP measures very low amounts of CRP in the blood and is typically used to assess risk for heart problems.As a blood test, CRP is not specific. A high result serves as a general indication of acute inflammation. In cases of inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, doctors can utilize the CRP test to assess the effectiveness of a specific arthritis treatment and monitor periods of disease flareup.

CARDIAL

cardiac

C for COMPLEMENT. This is a blood test that measures complement activity or the concentration of complement components in serum. CRP, also known as C-Reactive Protein, is a test which measures the concentration in blood serum of a special type of protein produced in the liver that is present during episodes of acute inflammation or infection. In the body, CRP plays the important role of interacting with the complement system, an immunologic defense mechanism.

What does the abbreviation ENT stand for?

2010-05-23T21:17:00.002-07:00

Answers:
E.N.T.stands for Ear, nose and throat. Otorhinoloryngology (oto-ear; rhino-nose; larynx-throat; logos-science) The branch of medicine dealing with the ear, nose and throat.
Pease see the webpage for more details on ENT.

ear, nose, throat
this refers to ent doctors who specialize in the ear, nose, and throat areas.

Ear, nose, and Throat.

Ear Nose and Throat.. Is one thing, but I am sure there are many others

Ear Nose and Throat physician.

medicine ear, nose, and throat

Ears Nose and Throat

emt means emergency medical treatment

An ENT is a doctor who specializes in ear, nose and throat problems. An ENT is sometimes also called an Otolaryngologist.
An ENT with additional training in the medical and surgical management of dizziness,hearing loss, and tumors of the ear is called an Otologist.

entertainment

ear nose throat, its a doctor.

ENT stands for Ear, Nose which covers otolaryngology and head and neck medicine.

E stands for Ear, N for Nose %26 T for Throat, ENT is one of surgery dvisions or specialities.

ears nose and throat

ENT
abbr.ear, nose, and throat

E=EAR
N=NOSE
T=THROAT
ITS A MEDICAL ABBREVIATION

Ear Nose Throat

what does synopsicalmean in medical terms?

2010-05-23T21:17:00.001-07:00

medically what does synopsical mean
Answers:
Synopsical would mean medically what it would mean otherwise i.e. in synopsis,.. in summary.it doesn't have any seperate medical meaning or context.I think synosical per se is not grammatically correct, anyway the point is just the same

Summative or the summary of the medical evaluation undertaken.

um. church?

its not synopsical its synoptical and it means presenting or taking the same point of view; used especially of the first three gospels of the New Testament; "the synoptic Gospels"

Generally, it means Taking the same point of view. that is if one doctor surmises that the problem is X and another doctor comes up with the same conclusion, then they hae a synoptical viewBy the say.. the word, I think you wanted was SYNOPTICAL

what does sweat contain?

2010-05-23T21:17:00.000-07:00

trying to find out water and waste products that are eliminated through the skin from the digestive stystem
Answers:
Sweating (also called perspiration or sometimes transpiration) is the loss of a watery fluid, consisting mainly of sodium chloride (commonly known as salt) and urea in solution, that is secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals. Sweat also consist of the chemicals or odorants 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.In humans, sweating is primarily a means of temperature regulation. Evaporation of sweat from the skin surface has a cooling effect due to the latent heat of evaporation of water. Hence, in hot weather, or when the individual's muscles heat up due to exertion, more sweat is produced. Sweating is increased by nervousness and nausea and decreased by cold. Animals with few sweat glands, such as dogs, accomplish similar temperature regulation results by panting, which evaporates water from the moist lining of the oral cavity and pharynx.

Mainly Sodium and Chloride, which is why it tastes salty. It also contains small amounts of other chemicals including urea. also some pheromones, from certain parts of the body, and some organis chemicals, fresh sweat dosen't smell bad, but after being attacked by skin bacteris, it will start to smell bad.

"Human sweat contains numerous substances. The most important substance to be replaced during and after exercise besides water, is sodium chloride (salt). Salt helps maintain proper neuromuscular action and promotes rehydration. In addition, salt, as in sports drinks, triggers thirst and helps prevent dehydration. Frequent muscle cramping in a minority of athletes results from excessive amounts of salt lost through sweat. This can be alleviated by consuming larger quantities of salt, in addition that provided in sports drinks."

sweat contains Nacl(Sodium chloride ) Urea, amino acids, water,proteins

well, it mainly composed of:
1-water.
2-sodium chloride.
3-urea.
4-odorants like 2-methylphenol and 4-methylphenol.

What does subspecialty mean?

2010-05-23T21:16:00.002-07:00

Like when a certain medical specialty has the option to do "subspecialty" for a couple of extra years why do they do it and besides more experience what do they get out of it?
Answers:
It's the ability to specialize even more in any given arena. For example, a pediatrician may decide to subspecialize in the treatment of childhood leukemia. Or an oncologist may decide to specialize in the treatment of breast cancer. And on it goes through all phases of medicine..

They do it because it is more challenging. And because they have a strong desire and drive to pursue that area of pratice. They usually end up in a much more elite, high end practice and can make alot more money.

A narrow field of study or work within a specialty, as pediatric dermatology or geriatric psychiatry.

what does ST elevation of an ECG of a patient who has recently suffered a heart attack indicate?

2010-05-23T21:16:00.001-07:00

was wondering why chlopidogrel and aspirin are contra indicated in MI patients whith elevated ST segment. (According to BNF)
Answers:
The ST elevation, like any ECG abnormality, is an indication of and alteration to either the electrical activities in cardiac muscle cells and/or the normal progression of electrical signals in the heart, (the heart muscle cells are all electrically connected together, and there are nerves running through the heart - they are called Purkinje fibres).The sign ST elevation on an ECG is consistent with changes in conduction and cellular activity due to lack of nutrients and oxygen to the cells - therefore it indicates a poor/absent blood supply to a given region of heart muscle (therefore that heart muscle damage is either likely, or is actively occuring)ST elevation isn't actually the most reliable sign of damage to heart muscle. A better sign is wide and/or deep Q-waves on an ECG. Q-waves can take 24hrs to develop following a myocardial infarction (or "heart attack"), and so, if we were to wait for Q-waves, then it may be a little late to treat a heart attack.So, actually, heart attacks get divided into NSTEMIs (non ST elevation myocardial infarctions) and STEMIs (ST elevation myocardial infarctions). Provided there are no other contra-indications, STEMIs get treated with thrombolysis or percutaneous coronary angioplasty, as they are more serious than NSTEMIs.So, in a nutshell, an ST elevation on an ECG, in the presence of clinical signs (such as chest pain, shortness of breath etc..) is a sign that the current heart attack is rather more serious and hence needs riskier/more invasive treatment.PS: The above pertains to very recent ST elevation, in the presence of clinical signs such as chest pains etc. After a heart attack (assuming the patient survives), the ST elevation gradually settles, but this takes time. So ST elevation in the absence of clinical signs is merely a sign of a recent heart attack and is not, on its own, diagnostic of on-going damage.

I thought elivated T waves were a sign of hyperkalaemia (high potassium levels) Which BNF are you looking at? Mine, no.51, says 'acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation which is not the same as an MI. See NEJM article for more info

thay are still alive

Sounds like we're in the same boat.I even asked a specialist after my ECG showed an ST elevation and he mumbled something about blockages in arteries/blood unable to get through the heart valves and all sorts of other medical crap.
I'm still none the wiser to this day.

ST elevation on an EKG can indicate damage to your heart muscle, blocked arteries, etc. But, if the heart is worked on quickly, the muscle can sometimes repair itself..

this clearly shows that the patient has a bad heart problem it could be the mix of drugs also condition could be worsening

what does somatic recombination have to do with multiple myeloma?

2010-05-23T21:16:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Mutation in the light chain protien that presents itself in MMtough question; I would check medical database for more or send email to the IMF so they could have science advisor answer.www.myeloma.orgJewells
30 months and still here

antibody variability.

The same thing that Bill had to do with Monica. :)

It shouldn't have anything to do with multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma starts as any other cancer starts, with a mutation of a gene. In this case, it is a mutation that occurs in plasma cells. Now, somatic recombination is involved with the selection of antibodies, which plasma cells secrete. But the malignancy does not relate to the recombination that produces the antibodies. It has to do with a mutation in the reproductive genetics of the cell, and not the cell's products.

What does slow poison means? Are they available for a common man? does the poison differ for humans n animals?

2010-05-23T21:15:00.003-07:00

I would like to get answers from persons who are very much into medical and pharmacy field. I'm writing an essay about this topic. The correct details provided will be very helpful for me. Thank You.
Answers:
You should have done research somewhere else.
Cause when you kill whoever it is you are looking to kill .they will find this post and you will be done for.

It works over time, of course if you want it there's always a way to get it. Often they are common household use items.

Its when you shag some one 2 times every minute with a ciggarett

who are you wanting to kill?humm?

Slow poisoning means consuming small amount of Poisons for a certain period.This is fatal for living oraganism.It will affect body the time depends on the amount%26 type of the consuming Poison.Yes these kinds of Poison are also applicable for man.Notes:DON'T TRY THIS IN YOUR LIFE.

What does RX mean when taking prescription drugs?

2010-05-23T21:15:00.002-07:00

Answers:
In English, "Rx" doesn't seem to have any connection to "pharmacy." However it does in Latin, albeit in a roundabout way.According to Yahoo! Reference, "Rx" means "prescription for medicine." The letters abbreviate the Latin word recipe, which is a form of the verb "to take."Doctors write Rx in the heading of prescriptions as an instruction to "take" the medicine. The pharmacists filling the orders understand this shorthand (and hopefully they can read the doctors' handwriting) and print it on pill bottles with whatever else doctors order, such as "take twice daily with food." Somewhere along the line, pharmacists started using "Rx" on their storefront signs so patients knew where to get their doctors' instructions translated.

Rx just means "prescription medicine." The letters abbreviate the Latin word recipe, which is a form of the verb "to take."

www.dictionary.comRx
n.
A prescription for medicine or a medical appliance.
A remedy, cure, or solution for a disorder or problem.

RX mean take thou..

Rx doesnt mean prescription medicine.
its a short cut of some greek word meaning (THERAPY)
Therapy can be anyform ,not neccassarily medicines.
ok !!
ps. stop looking in dictionaries.

Rx means -A prescription for medicine or a medical appliance.Also means--A remedy, cure, or solution for a disorder or problem.. I hope this is what you where looking for.

RX is just an abbreviation of the medical term Prescrption Drug

Rx is a Greek terminology used in the history of medicine. It almost makes a sort of salute to the God of health %26 medicine that is explained with snake spiriling over an object. Conventionally, Physicians consider this as a right method to follow and we come across this simple term just before medical prescription.Ok!
A question for all !
What the surgeons have to write equivalent to Rx.
There was one, but is not in use.
Think it over ! Ofcourse, there is one.
Search in the old books!

what does PEDS, OB, LAB, OP, ENT also Mean in medical terms?

2010-05-23T21:15:00.001-07:00

Answers:
peds for pediatrics
ob for obstetrics
lab for laboratory
op for out patient
ent for ears, nose and throat

pediatrics.obstetrics.labo.

peds is short for pediatrics.(branch of medicine that deals with children)
ob is short for obstretics.(branch of medicine that deals with birth and delivery)
lab is short for laboratory.
op is short for out patient.
ent is short for ear, nose, and throat.

What does Pathomechanics refer to/ mean?

2010-05-23T21:15:00.000-07:00

Answers:
patho: The study ofSo pathomechanics is the study of the mechanical aspects of a certain structure of the body, I would assume. By mechanical, I mean movements.

The path you take to the mechanics?

What does oxycontin feel like?

2010-05-23T21:14:00.003-07:00

How does it compare to vicodin?
Answers:
OxyContin is a prescription painkiller used for moderate to high pain relief associated with injuries, bursitis, dislocation, fractures, neuralgia, arthritis, lower back pain, and pain associated with cancer.OxyContin contains oxycodone, the medication's active ingredient, in a timed-release tablet. Oxycodone products have been illicitly abused for the past 30 years.OxyContin produces opiate-like effects and is sometimes used as a substitute for heroin. Illicit uses of OxyContin include crushing the tablet and ingesting or snorting it. Most individuals who abuse this drug do so to gain euphoric effects, relieve pain, and to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Those who take the drug repeatedly can develop a tolerance or resistance to the drug's effects.

Works much better on pain. The euphoria feeling you get from it goes away rather quickly. Highly addictive

Feels good

Let's just say Oxycontin was prescribed to my mother dying with lung cancer. She felt no pain.

They are both small and smooth.They both bind to the "mu" receptor in the brain and spinal cord, so they should produce the same effect--oxycodone just produces more of it.

Oxycontin (brand)
Oxycodone (generic)
Oxycodone is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It is a pain reliever.Oxycodone is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain.
Vicodin (brand)
Acetaminophen (tylenol) and hydrocodone (generic)
Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone.Together, acetaminophen and hydrocodone are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain.

What does naprosyn treat?

2010-05-23T21:14:00.002-07:00

I saw that and Percocet in my bf/s medicine cabinet yesterday, but the never told me that he was takig medication. I'd appreciate it if someone could tell me what both these medications treat, thanks in advance to anyone who can answer my question correctly.
Answers:
Naprosyn is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and is used to treat arthritis. It has some analgesic (pain relief) action, also. Percocet is a narcotic analgesic (Oxycodone) and is a Schedule II medication. It is highly addictive and has strong pain relieving action, but causes diminished motor function. It is a synthetic opioid.

Get me the Percocet's o.k.? Naprosyn is an anti-inflammatory pain reliever.

I take it for tendinitis. I have bad knees and elbows from sports. it's the same thing as Alieve, but in a bigger dose usually 500mg. Percocet is a muscle relaxer, pain reliever.Probably got hurt it sounds like.

Naprosyn, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis (the most common form of arthritis), juvenile arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis (spinal arthritis), tendinitis, bursitis, and acute gout; it is also used to relieve menstrual cramps and other types of mild to moderate pain.Percocet?
鈥? Oxycodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain.

Naprosyn is the brand name prescription form of naproxen sodium, which is Aleve. Both are painkillers.

Its treated for Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, primary dysmenorrhoea, acute gout, pelvic inflammation, ankylosing spondylitis, tooth extraction, tendinitis, bursitis, juvenile arthritis.

naproxen is an anti-inflammatory pain killer, most commonly used for period pain, gout, painful joints etc.

What does mussaffa mean?

2010-05-23T21:14:00.001-07:00

I found the name "Khashkash Mussaffa" in description of medicine. Does someone can tell me what it is?
Answers:
Mussafah is the only industrial zone close to Abu Dhabi, one of the United Arab Emirates. See the link :)

I think thats Arabic.
Khashkhash means poppy seeds, Mussaffa means.dunno

It is in Malay. And I'm Chinese. Nevertheless KhashKhash means poppy seeds and Mussaffa is a place Abu Dhabi, which is the largest of the seven emirates that compose the United Arab Emirates and was also the largest of the former Trucial States. Abu Dhabi is also a city of the same name within the Emirate that is the capital of the country, in north central UAE. The city lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the central western coast. An estimated 1,000,000 people lived there in 2000, with about an 80% expatriate population. Abu Dhabi city is located at 24.4667掳 N 54.3667掳 E. The Emirate has approximately 70% of the country's entire wealth. Al Ain is Abu Dhabi's second largest urban area with a population of 348,000 (2003 census estimate) and is located 150 kilometres inland. Khashkhash Mussaffa should mean poppy seeds that are grown in a place near Abu Dhabi. ^ ^ I did it!

The Lion King silly!

what does MSG do to your brain?

2010-05-23T21:14:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB) 1995 report states that:No evidence exists to suggest that dietary MSG causes brain lesions or damages nerve cells in humans.
The body uses glutamate( an amino acid) as a nerve impulse transmitter in the brain and that there are glutamate-responsive tissues in other parts of the body, as well. Abnormal function of glutamate receptors has been linked with certain neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's chorea. Injections of glutamate in laboratory animals have resulted in damage to nerve cells in the brain. Consumption of glutamate in food, however, does not cause this effect. While people normally consume dietary glutamate in large amounts the body metabolizez glutamate efficiently.

try google, wikipedia or ask.com

Mono sodium glutamate(MSG) is the sodium of glutamate acid. It is commonly added to foods as a "flavor enhancer." Unlike salt or other seasonings, MSG does not alter the actual taste of food; instead it "enhances" taste by exciting and increasing the sensitivity of taste buds. It has a drug-like effect upon the flavor perception of the person who has ingested food or drink that contains MSG. MSG has no nutritional value, nor is it a preservative, as many people claim.Why do food companies use MSG? MSG does not effect the food, instead IT "TRICKS" YOUR BRAIN INTO THINKING THE FOOD YOU ARE EATING TASTES GOOD. Manufacturers can use inferior ingredients, and by adding MSG, mask the inferior quality and freshness of foods.

An unknown percentage of the population may react to MSG and develop MSG symptom complex, a condition characterized by one or more of the following symptoms:
burning sensation in the back of the neck, forearms and chest
numbness in the back of the neck, radiating to the arms and back
tingling, warmth and weakness in the face, temples, upper back, neck and arms
facial pressure or tightness
chest pain
headache
nausea
rapid heartbeat
bronchospasm (difficulty breathing) in MSG-intolerant people with asthma
drowsiness
weakness.In otherwise healthy MSG-intolerant people, the MSG symptom complex tends to occur within one hour after consuming sure does mess with chemical balance of brain !!

Don' know but it gives me a massive headache.

the other answers are mainly correct, so just a quick addition. MSG interacts with the glutamine receptors in your central nervous system. Your body makes it's own glutamine which interacts with these receptors and this affects learning and memory. The stiff neck/headache side effects of MSG result from an overstimulation of these receptors.

It makes me incredibly thirsty! I have no idea why. About one hour after I eat Chinese food, it seems I can't drink enough water.

what does metabolite mean?

2010-05-23T21:13:00.003-07:00

it seems that there's "metabolite 1" and "metabolite 2" . what's the difference?
Answers:
A metabolite is any molecule that is produced in a metabolic pathway carried out in living cells, starting with a particular substrate and driven by some number of enzymes essential to completion of the pathway. For example, the complete metabolism of the glucose molecule is driven by a large number of critical enzymes and coenzymes that produce a number of metabolites in the pathway leading to the end products, water, carbon dioxide, and ATP (the cell's chemical "money").When you speak of metabolite 1 and metabolite 2 you are probably referring to primary and secondary metabolites. Primary metabolites are molecules that are essential to the normal growth, development, and reproduction of the organism. Secondary metabolites may also have important functions, but are not necessarily essential. Examples of secondary metabolites are pigment molecules in plants and animals and the substances produced by various fungi that act as antibiotics.All of the biochemical reactions that take place in living cells make up the cell's metabolism. In some pathways, described as catabolic, large molecules are subdivided into smaller ones, usually with the release of energy stored in the large molecule (e.g. glucose). In other pathways, called anabolic, smaller molecules are combined to form larger ones (e.g. the formation of functional proteins from a directed sequence of their constituent amino acids.All chemicals that enter the human body as drugs or environmental contaminants are by definition not strictly necessary for the normal function of the body. Such chemicals may have direct effects on the body's normal physiology without any metabolic conversion. The most familiar example of such a chemical might be ethanol, the effects of which are known to anyone who's ever taken a drink. Other drugs and chemicals may also have direct active effects. On the other hand, many drugs and chemicals must be converted into an active form before they can have a physiological effect. For example, the carcinogen vinyl chloride must be converted into chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, which have the capacity to bind to and alter nuclear DNA, for the carcinogenic effect to occur.Conversion of "foreign" parent molecules into active or inactive metabolites takes place in primarily in the liver. Liver cells contain a vast array of enzyme systems which have apparently evolved with our species to protect us from the harmful effects of potentially toxic chemicals in our food and in the general environment. The primary effect of these enzyme systems, such as the cytochrome P450 system, is to convert potentially toxic chemicals into relatively harmless metabolites, which are then frequently conjugated with another molecule, such as glucuronic acid, making it easier for the body to excrete the metabolites via the urine. Again, sometimes the metabolites produced by one of these enzyme systems may be more toxic than the parent molecule; or the parent molecule given as a medication does not become active until it has been processed by a liver enzyme system. Ethanol is another example here; one of its metabolites, acetaldehyde, is more toxic than the parent alcohol molecule. Usually acetaldehyde is rapidly converted to carbon dioxide in water; many East Asian people are deficient in the enzymes needed to process acetaldehyde, and so have a much more limited tolerance for alcohol than non-Asians.One final note: it is usually the products of metabolism of many drugs that may be detected in a person's urine. This is true for most illicit drugs and also for tobacco. Each drug produces a characteristic metabolite or metabolites that are present in the urine for some period of time after ingestion of the drug.

Metabolites are the intermediary products of any drug in its catabolic cascade. Mostly, these metabolites are unstable. If a metabolite exhibits the effect of the drug, it is called an active metabolite and passive, if it does not. Usually, the metabolite 1 is the first intermediary product and the metabolite 2 is the second. Did this clear your doubt? A feedback on this reply is welcome.

Any substance produced by metabolism or by a metabolic process

what does means paraproteinemia?

2010-05-23T21:13:00.002-07:00

Answers:
presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.Protein antibodies that are identical in the blood.

Never heard of it. Looked up on several reference links and no matches.

Abnormal proteins in the blood.

hkhkhnm,mbnvbcbcbcbbbbbbbbbbbb. jkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk,

hey that was my answer:Paraproteinemia is the presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.from wikipedia!!

Paraproteinemia is the presence of a monoclonal gammopathy in the blood.
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are antibodies that are identical because they were produced by one type of immune cell, all clones of a single parent cell. Given (almost) any substance, it is possible to create monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to that substance; they can then serve to detect or purify that substance. This has become an important tool in biochemistry, molecular biology and medicine.Gamma globulins are a class of proteins in the blood, identified by their position after serum protein electrophoresis. The most significant gamma globulins are antibodies.Gamma globulin injections are sometimes given in an attempt to temporarily boost a patient's immunity against disease. Injections are most commonly used on patients who have been exposed to hepatitis A or measles. Injections are also used to boost immunity in patients who lack the ability to produce gamma globulins because of an immune deficiency, such as X-linked agammaglobulinemia and hyper IgM deficiency. Such injections are less common in modern medical practice than they were previously, and injections of gamma globulin previously recommended for travellers have largely been replaced by the use of hepatitis A vaccine.

What does MD stand for exactly on a diploma?

2010-05-23T21:13:00.001-07:00

Answers:
Doctor of Medicine, from the Latin: Medicinae Doctor

medical doctor

Medical Doctor.

medical doctor

Pretty much right, but actually a degree states 'Doctor of Medicine'.

medical doctor

Medical Doctorate. They're a doctor!

moderate dementia

medical doctor

What does mcg means? i have to take some medications and i am not sure with the instructions given.?

2010-05-23T21:13:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Microgram it is a unit of measure thyroid medication is sometimes given in micro grams example Synthroid 300mcg is equal to Synthroid 0.3mg or milligrams
However if you are in doubt about instructions on any prescription medication you should call the pharmacy that filled the prescription and ask the pharmacist to be safe and sure.

Microgram. One millionth of a gram. An mg, or milligram, would be 1,000 mcg's.

mcg is the abbreviation for micrograms. the order goes grams, milligrams, micrograms. and if you really have concerns or questions about taking any prescribed medicine just take it to a pharmicist (any will help you) and ask. it is better to error on the side of caution as to guess and take the wrong (possible fatal) dose.

the others are correct but as a retired pharmacist i am more concerned with the fact that you recived the medication without the pharmacy making clear what all is involved.if it was some abiguous instruction on the label,such as take x mcg then he/she should get out of the buisness.

What does mad cow disease do to your body?

2010-05-23T21:12:00.002-07:00

Answers:
Turns brain into swiss cheese. :(You can read a wide range of info on the human form, CJD, by clicking HEREhttp://search.yahoo.com/search?p=cjd%26amp;ei=.

makes you mad

It gets into your brain and nervous system causing lack of control of muscles, coma and death.

You start forgetting stuff badly.
your mind doesn't work very well at all.
My Brothers father inlaw died from it.It wasn't pretty.

it gives you udders, and youre gonna be pissed off.

youll start behave like a cow or if you're already a cow you'll start behaving like a dog.

It affects your nervous system and makes you go crazy. It's a lot like lime disease that you get from ticks or rabies you get from dogs / squirrels / ect. It is like scitafrenia and just makes you crazy and paranoid.

attacks motor skills and parts of the brain. Mixes up messages and causes great illness. Also attacks spinal cord. Eventually. you cant function and your body shuts itself down.

Basically, it turns your BRAIN into a sponge that's full of holes! Have a nice day..Andrew/FreeBird

I think it makes you wiggle about like crazy, and make pop video's, and call yourself 'Madonna'.

The clinical name for mad cow disease is bovine spongiform encephalitis, which is pretty darn descriptive. It is a disease that causes your brain to develop holes to the point where it resembles a sponge.
It actually does very little to your body. But it makes your brain a very sick organ, resulting in dementia, repetitive motion syndrome, halucination, memory loss, and all the other wonderful entertainments of Central Nervous System disease.
Have some more rare hamburger? Just in from Kent! You'll love it.
Moo.

British Study Says Brain Patients Had Psychiatric Symptoms
By LAWRENCE K. ALTMAN . April 5, 1996
Many of the 10 British patients afflicted with a new variant of a fatal brain disease possibly linked to mad-cow disease had behavioral and emotional changes that initially fooled doctors into thinking they had psychiatric disorders, according to the first published scientific report about the cases. In nine of the patients, early symptoms included personality changes, depression, difficulty sleeping, withdrawal, fearfulness, and paranoia, said the report, being published on Saturday in The Lancet, an international journal issued in London. Several patients were referred by their doctors to a psychiatrist
One was that patients also developed motor abnormalities such as difficulty maintaining balance. A second was pain when a patient was touched on the face, arms, and legs. One patient had pain in the feet that persisted throughout the illness. Another factor was the rapid course to death, averaging about one year from onset of symptoms. more information
http://www.mad-cow.org/psycho_4-5-96_nyt.

Melts your brain

The human form of mad cow disease is called Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), it is an infection one gets from eating infected brain tissue from a cow with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or brain, bone, or marrow from a sheep (known in sheep as scrapie). The infection is simply a mutated form of a protein called a prion. This prion travels to the brain and starts to lyse (destroy) every cell it comes into contact with. The brain starts to get large holes in it, the brain almost begins to look like a block of swiss cheese. There is no cure for this infection and lost brain tissue cannot be recovered.

makes you allergic to grass

Charlene Singh, the only U.S. resident thought to have the human form of mad cow disease, or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), died June 20, 2004.Read her story, its really interesting.. and will answer your questions

i think it eats away at ur brain..or is that rabbies

What does low cholesterol mean?

2010-05-23T21:12:00.001-07:00

I donate blood regularly and while it's always been rather low (never above 160), it's dropped off even more recently and stabilized around 120. Obviously they only measure total cholesterol, so I don't know LDL and HDL measurements. Worth asking my doctor about? What are the implications? It's definitely not a matter of not eating enough.
Answers:
Cholesterol is a waxy fat like substance that is important for normal body functioning. Cholesterol is used for cellular functions and the production of hormones. Your body, in most cases, will produce enough cholesterol to maintain normal body needs. The liver is the major production factory for cholesterol (about 70%). Diets high in saturated fats, significantly increase the amount of cholesterol in the blood stream. Recommended daily intake of fat should not exceed 30% of calories, with a maximum of 10% being from saturated fat. Research indicates that diets high in saturated and total fat, play a significant role in the process of atherosclerosis (plaque build-up on the artery wall ).High cholesterol levels are strong indicators of those individuals that are prone to coronary heart disease. Elevated total cholesterol is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. The build-up of plaque in the artery may lead to narrowing (high blood pressure) or complete blockage (heart attack) of the vessel. As levels rise above 180 mg/dl, the risk for developing coronary heart disease increases. A cholesterol value of 220 mg/dl correlates to nearly a two-fold elevation in incidence of coronary heart disease as compared to 180 mg/dl. A reduction of 1% is shown to reduce the risk for coronary artery disease by 2% for levels over 200 mg/dl.Total cholesterol is the sum of all the cholesterol in your blood. The higher your total cholesterol, the greater your risk for heart disease. Here are the total values that matter to you. Total Cholesterol Levels:

Less than 200 mg/dL "Desirable" level that puts you at lower risk for heart disease. A cholesterol level of 200 mg/dL or greater increases your risk. 200 to 239 mg/dL "Borderline-high." 240 mg/dL and above "High" blood cholesterol. A person with this level has more than twice the risk of heart disease compared to someone whose cholesterol is below 200 mg/dL.
LDL or Low density LipoProtein(Bad cholesterol) - distibute fatty deposite on vessel wall thus promotes the formation of atherosclorotic plaque.
HDL or High Density LipoProtein(Good Cholesterol) -collects fatty deposites on vessel wall and transport to liver for bile synthesis or other metabolic activity. On this process it prevents or retards the formation of atherosclorosis. Normal Levels:
Desirable total cholesterol: below 200 mg/dL (5.17 mmol/L)
Optimal LDL ('bad') cholesterol: below 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L)
Optimal HDL ('good') cholesterol: over 60 mg/dL (1.56 mmol/L)
Conclusion:
You have a LOW TOTAL CHOLESTEROL level of 120 mg/dl
Implication:
You are less prone to develop Coronary Artery Diseases. Good for you and keep up the healthy living.

Abnormally low levels of cholesterol are termed hypocholesterolemia. Research into the causes of this state is relatively limited, and while some studies suggest a link with depression, cancer and cerebral hemorrhage it is unclear whether the low cholesterol levels are a cause for these conditions or an epiphenomenon

Well, when i asked my doc. about a blood test that i did that had something low on it that i did not know what it was, he sad: "well that thing u have low, it's kinda the family of cholesterol. so if u have it low, it's a very VERY VERY good thing." So i guess it's the same with cholesterol.

what does LASER stand for?..?

2010-05-23T21:12:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation

Light Amplification through Stimulated Emission of Radiation which does not do the effect any justice.The Laser effect is a marvel of science turning pure light into an effective tool for the betterment of mankind ;-)

laser stands for tunder

A laser (from the acronym Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) is an optical source that emits photons in a coherent beam. The back-formed verb to lase means "to produce laser light" or possibly "to apply laser light to".In analogy with optical lasers, a device which produces any particles or electromagnetic radiation in a coherent state is also called a "laser", usually with indication of type of particle as prefix (for example, atom laser.) In most cases, "laser" refers to a source of coherent photons, i.e. light or other electromagnetic radiation.Laser light is typically near-monochromatic, i.e., consisting of a single wavelength or color, and emitted in a narrow beam. This contrasts with common light sources, such as the incandescent light bulb, which emit incoherent photons in almost all directions, usually over a wide spectrum of wavelengths.Laser action is explained by the theories of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. Many materials have been found to have the required characteristics to form the laser gain medium needed to power a laser, and these have led to the invention of many types of lasers with different characteristics suitable for different applications.The laser was proposed as a variation of the maser principle in the late 1950s, and the first laser was demonstrated in 1960. Since that time, laser manufacture has become a multi-billion dollar industry, and the laser has found applications in fields including science, industry, medicine, and consumer electronics.

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

The term LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.

What does it take to get become a Medical Examiner?

2010-05-23T21:11:00.003-07:00

What are the steps %26 courses you have to take to become a M. E.?
Answers:
1) 4 years of pre-med at college
2) 4 years of Medical School
3) It is best to be board certified in pathology, though this is not an absolute necessity, it can be in another field of medicine. A one year internship plus residency time plus board certification time is about another 5 years .
In some place, the position of medical examiner is appointed, while in other places it is an elected position.

A lot of school.

what does it take to be in medical field?

2010-05-23T21:11:00.002-07:00

does anyone know the routine that everyone goes through in college when becoming a pharmacist, doctor, surgeon, etc. im thinking about doing this stuff but yeah its tough
Answers:
You do a four year accredited college with a major in bio.
During school, you take the MCATS - kinda like the SATs for med school.
You then spend 4 years in Med School.
You then spend 2-7 years in residency and possibly fellowship.
You then find work and begin practicing. During this time, you take numerous board exams to prove your worth as a physician. During residency and med school, you are basically working at it 24 hours a day. Tests are brutal. Hours are brutal. In residency, expect to be on call 24 hours a day 7 days a week. And expect to get called in regularly between the hours of 12am and 4am - and then be expected to report for your 7 or 8am shift. You will have very little life from the moment you enter med school. The better your grades in college, the better med school you will get into.
The better your grades in med school and the better the school, the better the residency programs you will get into.
The better you do in residency, the better the fellowship you may choose to pursue.
The better the residency and fellowship program you do, the better job you can get.
The better job you can get, the better money you can make. In short, you are looking at at least 10 years post high school before you can work.

Yeah it usually takes at least 8 years.

Biological sciences.

Your looking at years of education and devotion. Forget about friends and relationships. Your not going to get that till way after you have established yourself in the medical field. You should have a hard stomach and lots of compassion for people.

your interest is paramount,getting use 2 related subjects,going to a medical school.

Yes going into the medical field is tough. I want to do the same thing so I did a lot of research on it. After high school you must complete atleast 12 years of schooling to became a doctor/physians. In college you should take courses like cemistry, phisics, microbiology,english lititure. You must graduate with a BA( bachalors of Arts) or a BS ( bachalors of science). You must then complete 4 years of medical school and earn your M.D. or D.O. After medical school you must do residency that lasts 2-8 years. That is just the basic info with out the test I didnt mention.

I can help you a bit: I am a registered nurse with an Associate's in Science degree. My daughter has a B.S.In college you have elective but required courses to take to round off your degree and education. Some are Math, Physics (basic), English and some Science Labs (hands on learning--really cool). You can also choose a Language. Depends which college degree you want.As you choose your major and minor you will decide what road to take. There is a variety to choose from. The good thing is that if you do not like Biology or Chemistry, is that it can be a "test" to see if that is your field.Pharmacy is loaded with Chemistry.
Doctors and surgeons deal with the body's fluids and can save lives. There are also Physician's Assistant which is a lot less time and is becoming very popular, or same for a registered nurse practioner. EMD's and EMT's.Hope this helps you.

my first thought was a strong stomach.

It takes diligence, respect, and understanding. Be humble and remember that we all are human and no one person is perfect. I am an RN pursuing my masters. Working as a nurse has taught me to respect my peers and the people I take care of.

About 12yrs of college

DESIRE %26 A GOOD SCIENTIFIC BIOLIGICAL APPTIDUDENOT TO MENTION TENURE EX= INTERNSHIP

Your first step would be to decide on a college whether community or university then talk to an admissions counselor to help you the rest of the way.

It takes much time, money, patience, willingness to give up your time with your family, a strong determination to succeed, a very strong need to make a difference in the world (one small piece at a time) and an iron stomach.
Most medical educations are based strongly in the sciences. The specialty parts come after the preliminary school courses are finished. The time is long, the hours are long, but they are worth it in the end.
Check out several schools and look for their course requirements. If you are thinking of doing this- go for it!

what does it sound like if you are getting an MRI scan of your brain?

2010-05-23T21:11:00.001-07:00

Answers:
It is a rapid clicking sound. MRIs are really easy on patients!

Like you are dumb.

It will not hurt you will have some ear plugs you will hear a clicking sound

It's pretty noisy. Goes something like this.
"purdy purdy purdy diiiieeee diiieeee diiieeeee bang bang bang bang bang"

It is a quick and painless procedure requested to find out what is happening in your brain, check out any signs of trauma, injuries, changes etc. for either purpose (Physiological/mental)

It is very loud. There is a lot of knocking sounds. I had a brain tumor 6 years ago and have a MRI every year

I HAD TWO, ITS LIKE A HAMMER POUNDING ON METAL SOME OF THE TIME, THEN CLICKING, IF YOU ARE CLAUSTROPHOBIC YOU MAY WANT TO TAKE THE PILL THEY OFFER YOU, ALL IN ALL THEY AREN'T BAD.

They put ear plugs in and foam pads over your ears, you just hear some light banging noises and the tech will talk you through it. I almost fell asleep!

actually th MRI scanning process is sound-free (magnetic fields, what do you expect? :-) )the sounds come from various moving parts within the machine. sounds scary but doesn't hurt you one wee bit

They'll give you earplugs to put in your ears. After that, you'll hear something like a hammer hitting metal or a jackhammer. The technician is usually talking to you throughout the whole process. I recommend closing your eyes if you're claustrophobic =)

Clack, clack clack, clack, clack clack,clack,clack, for long period of times, it is very uncomfortable, but it is very helpful to find out a lot of things.

what does it mean, the pharmacist sign (symbol) the one with snake around the stick?

2010-05-23T21:11:00.000-07:00

Answers:
The icon is the cadeusis, or staff of Hermes (the Greek messenger god.)The staff dates back to Greek times, and comes to medicine and pharmacy through mediveal alchemists. Here is one description:"The mythical origin of his magic twin serpent caduceus is described in the story of Tiresias. Poulenc, in "Les Mamelles de Tiresias" (The Breasts of Tiresias) tells how Tiresias--the seer who was so unhelpful to Oepidus and Family- found two snakes copulating, and to separate them stuck his staff between them. Immediately he was turned into a woman, and remained so for seven years, until he was able to repeat his action, and change back to male. The transformative power in this story, strong enough to completely reverse even physical polarities of male and female, comes from the union of the two serpents, passed on by the wand. Tiresias' staff, complete with serpents, was later passed on to Hermes."The use of the staff was adopted by alchemists becaue it represnted the transformative and curative powers of alchemy/medicine, and has remained in use since that time.There is also a version with one snake -- that is the rod of Ascelpius, who was a God of healing:
"From the early 16th century onwards, the staff of Asclepius and the caduceus of Hermes were widely used as printers鈥?marks especially as frontispieces to pharmacopoeias in the 17th and 18th centuries. Over time the rod and serpent (the Asclepian staff) emerged as an independent symbol of medicine."

The snake is actually symbolic of a boa constricter choking the H E double hockey sticks out of your wallet!

I believe it derives from Moses. there was something in the OT about Moses and some snakes and he put one on a stick to get rid of the rest. It is a foreshadow of Christ I think. Anyway, that is a guess based on what I think I might remember.

umm, ask you parmasts

First, the snake isn't a snake. It is the guinea worm and when it infects humans, the disease is called Draconculiasis. It is common in Egypt, the Near East, India and in the southern part of Russia. It is unsurpassed by any parasite for its remarkable behavior.The Caduces is a symbolic staff surmounted by two wings and entwined with two snakes. Today, variations of it adorns cheques, office stationary, and uniforms of medical personnel around the world.

Check out the article on Caduceus from Wikipedia.I don't want to plagarize it.

am on fire dept/ ems squad .on the squad you see the STAR OF LIFE . read about the history of the star of life

What does it mean when you have MT at the end of your name?

2010-05-23T21:10:00.003-07:00

You know doctors have MD, well what does the MT stand for?
Answers:
Medical Technologist

Medical Technologist, a person who performs the laboratory testing on blood and other body fluids.

Medical Technologist

What does it mean when you ask a person a question and their eyes go rapidly side to side?

2010-05-23T21:10:00.002-07:00

Answers:
Ah, a great question!It was mentioned that in psychology a person is lying if they look up to the left. SOMETIMES it is true.A person's eyes actually try to "look" at the brain where the answer is coming from. A person who remembers things visually (photographic memory) will look at all parts of their brain to find the answer. And when the info is found, their eyes will sweep back and forth while reading.
This behavior can be seen when watching movies. Some actors will quickly look side to side when talking (in some scenes) because they are "reading their lines". Directors try to get the actors to stop doing that, because it is "annoying to the audience".Some people look down and to the right. These people are auditory learners. They are looking at the memory, and then their eyes glance left quickly as they are intrepreting the memory.A person who remembers by doing will look down. This downward glance means that they can remember by "looking at their hands doing the work". Then they will look up to interpret.

it mean that the perso whi u r talking to dont want to hear what u have to say are just dont want to talk.

Maybe their stupid, or they don't know the answer.

It's actually a sign that they're not telling the truth. Looking side to side or up and to the left is usually a invulintary reaction caused when "making up an answer" I hope I helped some.

there is something called nystagmus ( a rapid eye movement) due to a disease in their inner ears due to a severe infection or radiation due to tumour in the face or neck where the rays affect the inner ear

Looking up and to the left or up and to the right is called a contralateral eye movement or CLEM. As was mentioned above, it can be indicitive of cortical laterality -- in other words, which side of the brain that the person is using when considering the answer to the question.Nystagmus is an eye movement that typically has two phases: a fast phase and a slow phase. If you want to see nystagmus, do the following. Take a friend, sit them down on a desk chair, and spin the chair in circles for ten or twenty rotations and then stop . Ask your friend to try to stair at something on the wall. They will have difficulty with this task. Their eyes will move quickly in the direction of the chair's rotation and then slowly back in the opposite direction to the chair's rotation.There are a lot of different reasons why a person would develop nystagmus including inner ear problems. The sobriety test where the cop asks the driver to follow his finger is a test for nystagmus. This test is trying to ellicit gaze-evoked nystgmus. As the cop moves his finger to the far right and the far left of the driver's visual field, if the driver has been drinking, his eyes will exhibit nystgmus.A lot of patients with disabilities have constant nystagmus making it difficult or impossible to fixate on anything.

Most likely, they are thinking about how to answer your question.

What does it mean when they make a "copy" at a pharmacy?

2010-05-23T21:10:00.001-07:00

I always hear the clerks yell out, "I have a copy on line 2!" What is it that they are "copying?"
Answers:
actually, it means another pharmacy is calling to transfer the refills of a prescription to their pharmacy. Some people call it a "transfer" others call it a "copy"

It means the chemist is playing with the photocopier again.

I think it means a doctors office.

what does it mean when the eyes r directed anteriorly?

2010-05-23T21:10:00.000-07:00

read it on a website.
Answers:
Outwardly as opposed to being cross-eyed

they are supposed to move in the same directions.

Anterior means front as opposed to posterior. An alternative word for anterior in this case is medial (nearer to the midline), as opposed to lateral. What it means is both eyes move in the direction towards the middle, basically, crossed eyes.

Eyes are facing forward, the way they should be, not rolling backward.

not understand exactly your Q

What does it mean when someone is septic?

2010-05-23T21:09:00.003-07:00

Answers:
A systemic infection, or the bacteria or virus is circulating throughout his body carried by blood. It means he is in critical condition right now and pray that his immune system can overcome the infection.By the way, contrary to what Emerson and sweettask said, sepsis is so much different from septic shock! Sepsis is the condition of having bacteremia or viremia, and shock is the late-stage respond of the body to the sepsis. In sepsis, your heart rate is fast, blood pressure and breathing maybe normal. But in septic shock, your heart may even stop beating, breathing is labored and blood pressure goes down, in short, spetic shock is a near-dying condition, while sepsis is just being sick. Get it?

it means that whatever their original infection was ..is now in the blood stream
its systemic

They have an infection that puts their body into shock.

Their body is toxic. Do you know what a septic tank or septic system is? Waste products (poop and pee/dirty).

Wow, 'septic' like septic tank? the stuff that flushes out of your toilet..septic? They must be full of sh*it.
If you mean 'skeptic'? Non- believer! Not easily convinced.

It means a local infection just spread through the whole body.

Septic typically refers to Septic Shock which is a toxic infection which causes the body to go into shock. For instance, if you were swimming in dirty water and obtained a laceration to your leg, the bacteria from the water could then enter your bloodstream sending you into septic shock.This could lead to bradycardia and cause the liver to fail.

skeptic-one who doubts,questions,or disagree
with what someone says/does..

Septic shock is caused by cytokines (substances made by the immune system to fight an infection (see Biology of the Immune System: Cytokines) and by the toxins produced by some bacteria. These substances cause the blood vessels to widen (dilate), which results in a drop in blood pressure. Consequently, blood flow to vital organs鈥攑articularly the kidneys and brain鈥攊s reduced. This reduction in blood flow occurs despite the body's attempts to compensate by increasing both the heart rate and the volume of blood pumped. Eventually, the toxins and the increased work of pumping weaken the heart, resulting in a decreased output of blood and even poorer blood flow to vital organs. The walls of the blood vessels may leak, allowing fluid to escape from the bloodstream into tissues and causing swelling. Leakage and swelling can develop in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing (respiratory distress). early symptoms may include a shaking chill; a rapid rise in temperature; warm, flushed skin; a rapid, pounding pulse; excessively rapid breathing; and blood pressure that rises and falls. Urinary output decreases. Tissues with poor blood flow release excess lactic acid into the bloodstream, causing the blood to become more acidic, which results in malfunction of many different organs. In later stages, the body temperature often falls below normal.As septic shock worsens, several organs may fail. For example, the kidneys may fail, resulting in very low or no urine output and the accumulation of metabolic waste products (such as urea nitrogen) in the blood. The lungs may fail, resulting in breathing difficulties and a reduction in the level of oxygen in the blood. The heart may fail, resulting in fluid retention and swelling of tissues. Additionally, blood clots may form inside blood vessels.As soon as symptoms of septic shock are apparent, the person must be admitted to an intensive care unit for treatment. Large amounts of fluid are given intravenously to increase the blood pressure. Drugs are given to increase blood flow to the brain, heart, and other organs. Extra oxygen is given. If the lungs fail, the person may need a mechanical ventilator to help breathing.High doses of intravenous antibiotics are given as soon as blood samples have been taken for laboratory cultures. Until the laboratory identifies the infecting bacteria, two or more antibiotics are usually given together to increase the chances of killing the bacteria.

someone is septic if the infection in his body has already spread or it is very severe already due to immune response.

In plain English it means they have blood poisoning. To be more descriptive, it means that an infection has entered the blood stream.

Sepsis- A morbid condition resulting from the presence of pathogenic bacteria and their products.-septic, adj.

Sepsis is infection with pus forming bacteria.

What does it mean when a US patent application ipublished and publicly available to others?

2010-05-23T21:09:00.002-07:00

What additional steps are necessary to have the patent approved by the US patent office?
Answers:
If the patent is published it means that it is under review by a patent examiner, but you don't have your patent yet. Since it published the rest of the world can read what you are going to patent. This happens to all patents. The examiner is now comparing your claims to the prior art (other patents) and will rule judgment on what claims are allowed to you. If you are lucky you get all the claims right away and the patent is granted. Typically you, your patent lawyer, and the examiner will go through rounds of examinations where your claims are reduced in number and scope until it is unique and not covered by prior art. Could take years to finish depending on what is claimed.

the best road to take is to get a patent lawyer

or u could sell ur soul and have every thing u want

When it is published, you can say Patent Pending. You have to negotiate with the patent examiners to get final approval, especially as to the claims.

What does it mean when a doctor writes in their notes that someone is a "difficult historian"?

2010-05-23T21:09:00.001-07:00

My 2yr old daughter has failure to thrive, fed through a tube, wont eat and she sees several specialists. I feel they are pointing the finger at me, with no real answers.
Answers:
When trying to figure out what is going on in a medical case, the doctor may sometimes have trouble documenting the whole story. So, he or she will instead have to document that they are having trouble getting the whole story. So, they will sometimes write that the patient is a "poor historian" meaning they don't keep track of what is going on with their health, or a "difficult historian" meaning that getting the full story is difficult. You will help your daughter if you patiently give the whole story, even when you are asked again and again. Good luck.

It means the patients can't get their story straight, tells it different ways several times, can't remember things, isn't certain of what happened, can't answer questions right, etc.

What does it mean if your tampon never stays in?

2010-05-23T21:09:00.000-07:00

My girlfriend told us the other day that the whole time she has been wearing tampons, they have always slipped out. We laughed at first, but after realizing she was serious, we threw out our ideas. I suggested that she wasn't pushing it in far enough. She said that she pushes it in as far as it will go. Another friend.yes, a friend, said her p** was blown out and that was why. Is this a possibility? Our friend said it was like this even before she had sex. Let us know.
Answers:
Its unlikely to have anything to do with sex.Some women have very short vaginal length and thus there isnt good room for a tampon. Also some women - and myself included in this - have a slightly different hip and pelvic angle, which causes the tampon to want to slide forward. With my hip angles I'm more likely to have them slip during the day when I'm walking than at night when I'm laying down. It is unlikely she will ever get a tampon to stay in place correctly and should consider either pads or "cups" (menses cup) to use in place of a tampon if they cause her problems.

u should probally get that checked out but it might be to slippery

It's possible she is using the smallest absorbency of a tampon and needs to switch to the bigger ones, I have actually had that happen the the small ones when it was well..full.

she or you need a larger size or you have been placing the entire tampon in. that includes applicator.

ITS TOO BLOODY

Like eveyone said use a larger one!

Youve been around the block a few times. Like feeding a tic tac to a whale.

What does it mean if urinary catecholamine levels are elevated?

2010-05-23T21:08:00.002-07:00

Answers:
Detection of abnormal catecholamine levels and localization of tumor mass are important factors in the diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma.^Iodine 131-labeled metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy was performed in 64 patients with suspected pheochromocytoma if their urinary catecholamine levels were borderline or elevated, or if the clinical suspicion for pheochromocytoma was high in spite of normal urinary catecholamine determinations.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scans were evaluated for abnormal localization of tracer.^Twenty-four-hour urine collections were analyzed for vanillylmandelic acid, homovanillic acid, dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.^Thirty of the 64 patients had pheochromocytomas.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan had a sensitivity and a specificity of 88%.^The 24-hour urine vanillylmandelic acid and norepinephrine measurements had the best sensitivity (97%), while the vanillylmandelic acid and homovanillic acid measurements had the best specificity (91%).^In patients in whom the vanillylmandelic acid measurement and the 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan were normal, no pheochromocytomas were found.^In patients in whom the vanillylmandelic acid measurement and 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan were abnormal, a pheochromocytoma was always present.^The 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scan often documents the presence or absence of a pheochromocytoma and provides localization of the tumor in the preoperative evaluation of these patients.

look it up, then ask your doctor

Stop looking for medical advice on the internet. There are a lot of crackpots here. Ask a doctor

There are a number of things that could cause elevated urinary catecholamines. One thing that comes quickly to mind is a pheochromocytoma, but that's hardly the only possibility.Unfortunately, since this is a somewhat generic lab result, there isn't a quick and easy answer to your question. You really need to sit down with your doctor and talk about what might be going on.Don't be afraid to ask your doctor questions, and be persistent until you understand what is going on.Hope this helps!

What does it mean If I dream that I can fly in a dream?

2010-05-23T21:08:00.001-07:00

I have just read some questions and answers about dreams in which people fly. But I have a much strange situation.I used to dream about falling into a very deep space from my bed.It was scary for me. But this was all 4 or 5 years back. These days I dreAM ABOUT FLYING. I could fly if i make a peculiar move with my legs.I dream very often about this. I wander around my university and frnds places. So used to think I should probably talk to a psychiatrist or something about my dream(just for fun). But then I had this strange dream. I was having a dream in my dream. I went to a psychiatrist to discuss my dream (in a dream).She heard my dream,took me to a open place and asked me to try flying. And to my wonder I was able to fly again in front of her. I would like to know if anyone can tell what all this means. I am even more interested in knowing if this means any significant change in my attitude and life. Is this kind of dream good?
thanks for replying
Answers:
Flying almost always means that you are feeling satisfaction and confidence in your real life.Whatever's going on right now--good on ya'!

You are taking control of your life.
Good Dream for sure! Kool isn't it?

Hope that you can have this dream throughout your life..a tremendous feeling of freedom, isn't it? Supposedly, has to do with running your own show, common to those who are starting on their own trail away from the home they have always known. Dream on.

You are a very pure person, you have a very strong sole which allows you in your dreams to fly, get red of your body and navigate around, that is very good and it will affect your whole life don't worry

Dreams are generally simply recollections of our day. Have you been doing any one thing the same each day?It is also thought that dreams are linked to emotion. Have you been feeling the same way for a while?In my opionion,
1)It's prolly nothing.
2)It rocks to fly in dreams!PS:Few people dream a lot, few dream in color, so.

Don't ever fly in front of your pshychiatrist again. She'll just find a way to make it not fun anymore. I also reccommend that if you try flying while you're awake that you start where no one can see you, or else they'll laugh at you for acting wierd.
In my flying dream I can sometimes take of from standing still but I can also build up momentum by running before I leap into the air. That seems to work better for the times that I need to escape from the wolves that are chasing me. Also I have a fear of heights when I sleep (not when I'm awake) so I try to fly higher and higher to get over my fear. Cause it is pretty stinkin' fun to be able to fly around like that.

Wow.a dream in a dream. That's really interesting. I wonder if that means you have more control over your dreams (or perhaps even your life) than you had previously thought. Dreaming dreams in your dreams seems like maybe you'd think you were dreaming your life away. Like maybe you're in such a deep sleep as to have to recover twice. haha I think that's interesting your ability to recall your dreams and the flying aspect is of equal interest. I think it's a very interesting top that you should delve further into if you're really interested. Worst case scenario you have fun figuring out what Sigmund Freud might have thought about it haha. Have fun and good luck!

What does it feel like to die?

2010-05-23T21:08:00.000-07:00

Answers:
None of us have a clue.. because we are alive. My mother" almost died".. she had an internal injury.. and she said she felt complete peace. I guess.. thats a good thing.

i dont think anyone really knows that..

Since dead people can't login to Yahoo! Answers, there's no way to really know.

I dont know but i really dont want know untill im 98.

2 lose your life

ur body gos cold and numb. Ur vision fades and ur mind shuts down. All ur lifes moments falsh across ur brainwithin a few seconds-ur family,friends,god and bad things-evrything!!.Lol. dont try it..

One of two:A. If you know Jesus Christ as your Lord and Saviour, you feel extraordinary joy,B. If you don't know Him, unfathomable terror.

I'm not sure if I'm the right person to tell you that.

Nothing. You are dead.

People say when you are dying your whole life flashes in front of you. I guess that's right, knowing that you won't be here anymore makes you think about all the things you did since you were a kid, and you do that remembering without you knowing it.

well from personal experience.. ______________________________.

What does it denote , " Sustained Release"?

2010-05-23T21:07:00.001-07:00

In medicines like 'Aceclofenac sustained release tablets" what does it imply by the words sustained release.
Answers:
It means that instead of the medicine all hitting your system at once and then tapering off pretty quickly, it dissolves slowly, releasing the medicine at a steady pace.

they have made the tablet so that it will dissolve slowly releasing the medication slowly over time. This means you do not receive a high dose at one time that your body eliminates quickly. This lets you take your medicine once or twice a day instead of up to eight times a day. much more convenient.

The rate at which a drug is released from a resinate is dependent on many factors. In many cases the rate is sufficiently slow that the resulting effect is an extended or sustained release over many hours. Further modification can be achieved by the use of coatings that restrict the release, or control the site of release.Examples of drugs where this technique is currently used include dextromethorphan (coated), diclofenac, and nicotine.

sus鈥ained-re鈥easePronunciation: (su-st膩nd'ri-l膿s'), [key]
鈥攁dj. Chem., Pharm.
(of a drug or fertilizer) capable of gradual release of an active agent over a period of time, allowing for a sustained effect; timed-release; long-acting; prolonged-action; slow-release.

what does immunoglobulin have to do with multiple myeloma?

2010-05-23T21:07:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Immunoglobulins are supposed to be made to protect you from infections, etc. But in the disease called multiple myeloma, too much of certain immunoglobulins are produced. And they are all the same, like a copier that won't quit. Then there are so many of them it sort of clog things up, and most of them don't work right so the person get infected anyway.

The cancerous cell type in multiple myeloma is the cell that produces antibodies (ie. Immunoglobulin).Often they make abnormal proteins.Check the wiki page on it

It is the "marker" for MMMM releases a type of IG? and that is what is picked up. Usually checked with a SPEP test.Different types - such as IGG, IGA etc. here is a bunch more infor www.myeloma.orgjewells
30 months and still here

what does IMAGING SCIENCE mean in medical science?

2009-11-07T06:48:00.001-08:00

Answers:
Imaging science covers many branches of investigate procedures It is None- invasive / safe and effective .MRI ( mag netting image resonance)
is a way to view every part of the body in thin slices
Very useful to detect tumours and other abnormalities within the body CAT scan often used in cardiac investigations . as MRI but not as good imaging as MRI. scan --- is used to monitor babies development and organs within the body, Xrays
Will take pictures of hard structures and detect abnormalities eg. fractures
opaquac dye is sometimes given and Xrayed toy show irregularities in some internal structures ,

Mostly producing images of the inside the human body. The area varies from X-rays to 2-photon spectroscopy (I think latter is still in development). The endoscopy is imaging science too as it produces an image of the human insides. The goal of it today is to be less invasive.Hope this helps

Nuclear magnetic resonance scans, also known as CAT scans and magnetic resonance imaging.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nuclear_mag.

imaging science includes all those procedures or test that are used to take images of the organs or a body like CT,MRI, Ultrasound, xray, nuclear medicine. It also includes all the procedures that are involved with it like ct, mri, ultrasound related biopsies.

A way to gather data from the body, well images anyway. Fluoroscopy, cmt, mri, etc are all imaging mediums.

what does I.A.T. mean on a death certificate written as part of reason for death? Certificate dated 1920.?

2009-11-07T06:48:00.000-08:00

it looks like it says 1. I.A.T. lip right (4 days)
2. Septacaemia (5days)
Answers:
The only thing I can think of is intra-arterial thrombosis which means a form a blood clot in an artery but I don't really know for sure.
The other option would be that it is shorthand for iatrogenic which means a condition created by the treatment started by the Doctors (a side-effect)
As intraoperative autologous transfusion was not widely used in 1920 I do not believe that this could be the cause of death
http://www.euspirit.org/en/upload/984528.

1, some sort of fit/seizure resulting in vomiting/foaming at the mouth/Grimicing2, blood poisoningI think thats what they mean for IAT you could always ask your GP

It stands for Interoperative Autotransfusion.Intraoperative autologous transfusion (IAT) is a method for blood conservation that has been shown to be effective in reducing the requirement for blood transfusion.

what does hystionic mean?

2009-11-07T06:47:00.003-08:00

my co-worker told me he was hystionic, and i asked if he didn't mean 'histrionic' he said no, and to look it up in a medical dictionary.so to spare me a trip to B%26N, what does hystionic mean? i cannot find the definition anywhere online.thank you
Answers:
I think it is histionic..and the word just means relating to any body tissue (histo- is a prefix for something relating to tissue). Maybe he did mean histrionic..

G'day Hfse,Thanks for the question.I assume he meant that you were hystrionic. The American Heritage Dictionary on Yahoo defines histrionic as: 1. Of or relating to actors or acting.
2. Excessively dramatic or emotional; affected.It is derived from Late Latin histrinicus, from Latin histri , histrin-, actor, probably of Etruscan origin. That is probably the sense that your co-worker meant it.There is also a histrionic personality disorder. The American Heritage Dictionary on Yahoo! defines it as A psychological disorder characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.Your co-worker is obviously mistaken. You get very few results from a search engine for histionic and what you do get is typos for histrionic.You should seek to reconcile with your co-worker tomorrow so that you can settle any differences between you. You don't want to get your supervisor involved.I have enclosed some definitions of histrionic and histrionic personality disorder for your reference.I hope that things settle down for you in your workplace.Regards

What does H5N1 (bird flu) virus means?

2009-11-07T06:47:00.002-08:00

Answers:
H5N1 is just a notational thing. H stands for hemagglutinin; N stands for neuraminidase. They are two objects that make up the virus, is all. Several different antigenically distinct hemaglutinins and neuraminidases have been identified in different influenza strains. The Avian Flu has type 5 hemagglutinin, and type 1 neuraminidase.That's all the H5N1 really means.Simpler than it looks, isn't it?

I think it means you're going to die if you get it.

Mutation of bird flu virus in Turkey stirs concerns by Daniel Williams and Alan Sipress . About Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) and Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus. NWHC National Wildlife .

Main Category: Bird Flu/Avian Flu News
Article Date: 16 Feb 2006 - 6:00am (UK)Many different subtypes of influenza exist. The subtypes are named after the combination of variants of two of the virus proteins. Each influenza A virus has one of 16 H subtypes and one of 9 N subtypes. Only avian viruses which have the combination of H5 and H7 subtypes are known to cause the highly pathogenic form of the disease. However, not all viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes are highly pathogenic and not all will cause severe disease in poultry. Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses appear to have the ability to become highly pathogenic by mutation, which appears to occur only after the H5 or H7 viruses have moved from their natural wild bird hosts into domestic poultry. Mutation is a process where there is an alteration in the genes of a cell or virus which is transmitted to the offspring. Influenza A viruses contain 8 distinct RNA genes and reassortment of these can occur if two different viruses infect the same animal so that viruses emerge with a set of genes made up of some of the genes from one virus and some from the other. In the 20th Century there were 4 pandemics of influenza due to the emergence of new and genetically distinct strains in humans: 1918 (H1N1), 1957 (H2N2), 1968 (H3N2) and 1977 (H1N1). The 1957 and 1968 pandemic viruses differed from the preceding viruses in humans by the substitution of genes that came from avian viruses, suggesting they arose by genetic reassortment of viruses of human and avian origin.

It's just a strain of the flu.
they vary in stength. To give you some idea what I am talking about.
Hepatitas A is not as bad as the B or c strain

what does foetus mean?

2009-11-07T06:47:00.001-08:00

Tririchomoniasis pcr
Answers:
Fetus is an unborn baby after about 8 weeks gestation (though different sources begin calling an embryo a fetus at different stages).With regard to the second thing you wrote, pls see the information page.

Variant of fetus.

term used to describe the unborn offspring in the uterus of vertebrate animals after the embryonic stage .In humans, the fetal stage begins seven to eight weeks after fertilization of the egg, when the embryo assumes the basic shape of the newborn and all the organs are present. This stage continues until birth. The fetus is protected by a sac of amniotic fluid that also enables movement to occur. The placenta and umbilical cord are the sources of oxygen and nutrients and the means of waste elimination.During the fetal stage, the body grows larger, the proportions of the features are refined, and organ development is completed. During the seventh and eighth weeks, the body grows more erect, the chest area develops, and the face begins to acquire a human look. In the third month, facial features continue to develop, nails form, ossification centers develop in bones, the sex of the unborn can be determined, and the fetus is capable of responding to outside stimulation. During the second trimester (fourth to sixth months), distinctive facial features develop, the fetal heartbeat can be detected, and fetal quickening (movements) can be felt externally. In the third trimester (the seventh to ninth months), the body proportions, except for the somewhat large head, are established, the skin becomes smoother, and the organs develop sufficiently for the newborn to function on its own.If the fetus is expelled before 36 weeks of gestation are completed, it often can survive outside the womb, but artificial assistance, such as intravenous feedings and strict maintainance of the ambient temperature, may be needed during the remainder of its normal developmental period. Such births are called premature. Fetuses expelled before that period are not viable and are termed either a miscarriage or an abortion. A dead fetus delivered in the third trimester is termed stillborn.

Foetus means the embryo when developed all the organs and structures inside the uerus of the pregnant woman while growing.

What does F.A.C.E.P stand for after MD?

2009-11-07T06:47:00.000-08:00

Answers:
~Facetious arrogant childish egocentric prick. I was married to one.

Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians

FACEP: Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians

sabes esto es en espa帽ol quisas puedas recibir mejores respuestas si lo preguntas en el area de personas que hablan ingles ve a las banderitas abajo y marca la de estados unidos ok my friend good luck

FACEP:: Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians ..

Fellow of the American College of Emergency Physicians

what does euphoria exactly mean when it comes to be the adverse effect of some CNS drugs?

2009-11-07T06:46:00.001-08:00

I looked it up in the dictionary, and it says "a feeling of well-being or elevation".so i don't really understand it.
Answers:
Euphoria is an intense feeling of elation. In laymans terms, an extremely happy or giddy feeling. It is the "high feeling" of some drugs. It isnt always a good thing as it may be the very thing the medication is trying to combat or, as another person said, it can be followed by serious depression. It isnt always harmful however. Discuss it with your doctor if you think you are experiencing euphoria. He or she may be able to switch your medication to something you can tolerate better.

does adverse mean negative?
if it does then how euphoria can be something bad?
anyway euphoria is just pure happiness usually with no obvious reason to be happy

It is a psychological sensation; an intense sense of happiness.And in response to the above answer.
How can euphoria be negative?
It can be bad because in many cases euphoria is a state that eventually passes and is followed by very serious depression.

Euphoria IS a feeling of elation and extreme well being, almost a high.As an adverse reaction to a CNS drug, it is dangerous, because this person may hallucinate, think they are indestructible, do dangerous things, that may harm themselves or others- it can also have the Down side, of crash and burning, coming to the extreme opposite, of Depression, etc, when coming off the medication.

What does epitope mean?

2009-11-07T06:46:00.000-08:00

i really need to know in term of immunology
1- what does epitope mean?
2- where it come from?
3- what its main function?
4- what is epitope spread?
5- what are different kinds of epitope spread?
6- what about the epitope spread in the CNS in multiple sclerosis?Please, i need to know what are these because i did alot of search and even though i found lots of information i didn't get the answers to these questions exactly. So plz help..
Answers:
An epitope is the part of a macromolecule that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or cytotoxic T cells. Although usually epitopes are thought to be derived from nonself proteins, sequences derived from the host that can be recognized are also classified as epitopes.Most epitopes can be thought of as three-dimensional surface features of an antigen molecule; these features fit precisely and thus bind to antibodies. The part of an antibody that recognizes the epitope is called a paratope. Exceptions are linear epitopes, which are determined by the amino acid sequence (the primary structure) rather than by the tertiary structure of a protein.Epitopes can be mapped using protein microarrays, and with the ELISPOT or ELISA techniques.Genetic sequences coding for epitopes that are recognised by common antibodies can be fused to genes, thus aiding further molecular characterization of the gene product. Common epitopes used for this purpose are c-myc, HA, FLAG, V5.Interestingly, epitopes are sometimes cross-reactive. This property is exploited by the immune system in regulation by Anti-idiotypic antibodies (originally proposed by Nobel laureate Niels Kaj Jerne). If an antibody binds to an antigen's epitope, the paratope could become the epitope for another antibody that will then bind to it. If this second antibody is of IgM class, its binding can upregulate the immune response; if the second antibody is of IgG class, its binding can downregulate the immune response.Intensive research is currently taking place to design reliable tools that will predict epitopes on proteins.

wikipedia.com

what does each individual chromosome do?

2009-11-07T06:45:00.001-08:00

Answers:
I have never said this since I have been answering questions here, but please ignore the person above. Not only is this person wrong, they are incredibly wrong. There is NO such thing as right and left chromosomes. And chromosomes do NOT affect certain sides of your body.
Each chromosome is made up many many genes that carry the information to be able to make proteins. When you consider that there are two copies of each chromosome, and that each copy of each gene on the chromosome might be slightly different from the other, you have the possibility of two slightly different proteins being produced from them.
Bottom line.each chromosome carries genetic information that can be used to make proteins.

one way to answer question is chromosome is what are body parts are
chromosome is like a double fuse box a right and left side
just like your body has a right and left
you have a right and left chromosome right eye left eye every part of your body has 2 sides with are made up of chromosome

wally is right. each chromosome codes for specific traits that are genetically transferred to offspring. if a mutation occurs in a chromosome, then defects occur.

Y-chromosome carries male characteristics while the X-chromosome carries female characteristics.

what does e.s.r 35mm mean in blood test of female normal range20 mm/hr does it mean cold symtoms?

2009-11-07T06:45:00.000-08:00

Answers:
The sedimentation rate (sed rate) blood test measures how quickly red blood cells (erythrocytes) settle in a test tube in one hour. It is abbreviated ESR.When inflammation is present in the body, certain proteins cause red blood cells to stick together and fall more quickly than normal to the bottom of the tube. The more red cells that fall to the bottom of a special test tube in one hour, the higher the sed rate. These proteins are produced by the liver and the immune system under many abnormal conditions, such as an infection, an autoimmune disease, or cancer. There are many possible causes of an elevated sedimentation rate. For this reason, a sed rate is done with other tests to confirm a diagnosis. Once a diagnosis has been made, a sed rate can be done to help monitor the course of the disease or the effectiveness of treatment.

ESR stands for estimated sedimentation rate. It means you have some type of inflammatory process going on. Ex: Arthritis.

The other answers are good.Don't get too worked up about this particular test, it is not definitive on anything, more a general indicator.The amount of red blood cells per mm^3 is also a factor, women having typically far less than men will have a higher ESR.When things are really serious in some way, the ESR gets very high -- yours is not in that range.Let your doctor evaluate your test results.But it is good that you are interested in all this. Your understanding will increase with experience in all things.The http://www.webmd.com site will be a good reference for you.Ask a friend who is a Medical Laboratory Technologist about it.

what does differential diagnosis means?

2009-11-07T06:44:00.002-08:00

Answers:
differential diagnosis are just all other possible diagnosis(conditions/diseases) that the doctor is considering for a particular patient. simply explained eh?

It is a doctor's way of organizing his or her thinking. The list should be the most likely diagnoses given the information gained from: history of present illness, review of systems, physical examination and subsequent lab or radiology tests.The first ones on the list should be the most likely, with those lower on the list still possibilities. As more information is gained, the order of the list may change somewhat.It helps a doctor keep from "torpedoing" in on one diagnosis to the exclusion of other possibilities.

When a patient has certain signs and symptoms, the doctor examines the patient and then comes up with all the different diagnoses that could be causing the patient's problems. that's what a "differential diagnosis' is. For example- if you had "ear pain" it could be caused by an inner ear infection (otitis media) or an outer ear infection (otits externa)- this is the "differential diagnsosis".I'm somewhat suprised that your Dr. used this term-- since most pt's want to know what they most likely have, not all the possible diseases they could have..If after doing more testing trying to narrow down the "differential"- and the Dr. still isn't sure what it could be, then either they will treat for the most common cause (and see if the pt gets better) or you can be sent to a "specialist' for further testing".Hope this explains the term.

What does czas czesciowej tromboplastyny poaktywacji mean?

2009-11-07T06:44:00.001-08:00

It is a coagulation profile but I want to know if it has anything to do with APTT. Also I believe it is Polish language, so I want to know what it means in English.
Answers:
it means (and it is polish)czas - time
czesciowej - part
tromboplastyny - of tromboplastin
poaktywacji - after activationthe time for partial tromboplatin postactivation

I think it mean s bluegummiworms

it looks lik czas means time and obviously tromboplastyny looks to mean thromboplastin but i don't know about the other two words. from the looks of it it does look like it goes along with the pt/ptt coag stuff.

well . IF it is Polish, then czas means time.And czesciowej means something like partial.The other two words, i'm not sure about coz I can't find them, but I will keep looking, see if I can get a full translation for you!

What does Chloroform do?

2009-11-07T06:44:00.000-08:00

Answers:
it knocks u out.

Chloroform, also known as trichloromethane and methyl trichloride, is a chemical compound with formula CHCl3. It does not support combustion in air, although it will burn when mixed with more flammable substances. It is a member of a subset of environmental pollutants known as trihalomethanes, a by-product of chlorination of drinking water and a long-standing health concern.

knocks out living beings and animals.

Anesthetic agent of the past. No longer used to the best of my knowledge except maybe poor countries, I'm not sure.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, chloroform was used as an inhaled anesthetic during surgery. However, safer, more flexible drugs have entirely replaced it in this role. The major use of chloroform today is in the production of the freon refrigerant R-22. However, as the Montreal Protocol takes effect, this use can be expected to decline as R-22 is replaced by refrigerants that are less liable to result in ozone depletion.Smaller amounts of chloroform are used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry, and for producing dyes and pesticides. As a solvent it can be used to bond pieces of acrylic glass (which is also known under the trade name 'Perspex'). Chloroform is one of the most effective known solvents for alkaloids in base form, and may be used to extract nitrogenous chemicals from plant material for pharmaceutical processing. It is commercially used to extract morphine from poppies, scopolamine from Datura plants, and so on.Chloroform reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide (preferably in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst) to produce dichlorocarbene. This is used to effect ortho-formylation of activated aromatic rings such as phenols, producing aryl aldehydes in a reaction known as the Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Alternatively the carbene may be trapped by an alkene to form a cyclopropane derivative.Chloroform containing deuterium (heavy hydrogen), CDCl3, is the most common solvent used in NMR spectroscopy.As might be expected from its use as an anesthetic, inhaling chloroform vapors depresses the central nervous system. Breathing about 900 parts of chloroform per million parts air (900 parts per million) for a short time can cause dizziness, fatigue, and headache. Chronic chloroform exposure may cause damage to the liver (where chloroform is metabolized to phosgene) and to the kidneys, and some people develop sores when the skin is immersed in chloroform. Approximately 10% of the population has an allergic reaction to chloroform that produces a fever of around 40掳C (104掳F) upon exposure.Animal studies have shown that miscarriages occur in rats and mice that have breathed air containing 30 to 300 ppm chloroform during pregnancy and also in rats that have ingested chloroform during pregnancy. Offspring of rats and mice that breathed chloroform during pregnancy have a higher incidence of birth defects, and abnormal sperm have been found in male mice that have breathed air containing 400 ppm chloroform for a few days
A chloroform-soaked handkerchief is often used as a fictional device to render someone unconscious. In reality, a dose far greater than a few drops inhaled over a short period of time would be required to knock somebody out. Such a dose could also be lethal.

It kills butterflies so you can pin them to boards. I read that in the musem. I think it's cruel.

Chloroform [Chem.] CHCl3, an uncoloured very volatile liquid of great weight with a strong special smell, used medically as an anaesthetic and in industry as a solvent of fats, oils, rubber, and other substances.
Although Chloroform is a quick and a powerful anesthestic drug that can be very conveniently given by inhalation. In small doses by mouth, it is an effective pain killer and antispasmodic drug; applied to the skin, it is a counterirritant, sometimes used as liniment in treating rheumatism. Chloroform has gone out of favor since the discovery that even small doses of it may seriously damage the liver and exert a harmful effect upon the heart. The strong etherlike odor of this liquid was once the common source of a characteristic "hospital smell"

What does C.C.U stand for in the medical field?

2009-11-07T06:42:00.000-08:00

Answers:
Coronary Care Unit

A coronary care unit (CCU) is a hospital ward specialised in the care of patients with heart attacks, unstable angina and (in practice) various other cardiac conditions that require continuous monitoring and treatment.

Critical Care Unit

Cardiac/Coronary Care Unit - depending on the hospital.

Coronary Care Unit or maybe Critical Care Unit

depends which hospital you are atccu where i work means critical care unit
local hospitals it designates coronary care unit,and still yet changing to multiple names for coronary unit
now there is cclo
which designates cardiac cath unit
nicu neuro intensive care unit
neonate icu icu for new born babies in trouble
so dream a little and thats hiow many different names there are for these places

Critical Care Unit

what does bp stand for in pharmaceuticals?

2009-11-07T06:41:00.000-08:00

Answers:
British Pharmacopoeia
It is the authoritative collection of standards for medicines in the UK. The standards are legally enforceable in the UK and in most of the Commonwealth. British Pharmacopoeia also contains monographs from the European Pharmacopoeia.

Blood pressure

Newfangle beat me to it. It is not blood pressure!

bharat petroleum!!

bloody pricey !!

it stands for British Pharmaceutical which means its up to british standard

british pharmacopea, it is the british standard like newfangle says

British Pharmaceutical

Benzoyl Peroxide

British Pharmacopoeia. This is essentially just a huge list of all the medicines and compounds available in the UK. It was the idea of the General medical Council in 1850 ish to ensure standard doses %26 dilutions were followed across the UK %26 Ireland.Other countries hae their own - i.e. USP - United States Pharmacopoeia.

what does biliverdin get converted to??

2009-11-07T06:40:00.003-08:00

Answers:
biliverdin breaks down to bilirubin1. green bile pigment: a greenish bile pigment that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of hemoglobin in the liver and in turn breaks down to produce bilirubin (http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/d.2 The resulting biliverdin is then reduced to bilirubin, a yellow pigment, by the enzyme biliverdin reductase. The changing color of a bruise from deep purple to yellow over time is a graphical indicator of this reaction.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/biliverdin).

It is a green pigment occuring in bile.

liver n onions with crisp bacon?

bilrubin

What does asthma feel like?

2009-11-07T06:40:00.002-08:00

After I run, my throat feels like it closes and I cant breath as well. It isn't really bad, but I don't like it.
Answers:
You know when you run and get out of breath? Imagine that ten times faster, shallower and not being able to control it, knowing life depends on the ability to regulate breathing and calm down. Your lungs cannot fill to the capacity they should. Mine is, or was I am happy to say, exercise induced. Go to a doctor and see if an inhaler helps. Trust me, there is no greater relief than that of an asthmatic after using an inhaler. Its like breathing in air (as opposed to walking on it). Go to a doctor. You dont want an attack, which is what I just described. I've had 3. Luckily, I grew out of it. Forget the unpleasant wheezing, lungs being constricted, and all that. Fear the attack like the plague. Its the scariest thing ever. Go to a doctor."Regular" asthma feels like your lungs have shrunk and you cannot take in normal amounts of air, however hard you try. Taking in a deep breath brings no relief and is not quite the equivalent of one normal breath. It feels like what it is: the bronchiols in the lungs shrinking, prohibiting the passage of air. You are suffocating and you know it. Aaaahhhh but when the spell is over. Such sweet relief. Its good to be alive.

heart attack

awful its hard to breathe

Hi. It's like trying to breath through a straw while running.

ur chest goes tight nd u start wheezing nd ur throat closes up.. its such a terrible feeling =[

It's like,you have a very hard time breathing when you're just walking slowly up stairs,or after you run for like,less than 10 seconds,you still can't breathe very well.Most have to use puffers.Talk to your parents/doctor.

For me, it feels like my lungs are constricted and I can't take in a deep breath (something like trying to breathe through a straw).
If you are concerned that you might have asthma, you need to see your doctor as soon as practical. Asthma affects everyone differently, and everyone is going to have a different perception on what an asthma attack feels like. It's going to be really hard to decide if you have asthma or not from people's questions.
It's pretty normal to be out of breath after running, though.
Hope this helps!

Asthma sucks!! It feel like you cant breath, and your chest is tight! I have it all the time after I exercise. See a doctor! He can put you on a med or give you a inhaler.

Being suffocated

It sounds like you have exercise-induced Asthma, something I used to have in spades. Go to a doctor with your concern and get a diagnoses. He (or she) will be able to tell you what's going on the best.

There are lots of really good answers here. The main thing is for you to see a Dr. quickly. Asthma can be very dangerous. If that is what it is, with meds, you can lead a very normal life.

for me, it feels like elastic bands round the top of your lungs, like a pain high up in both sides of your chest- no matter how hard you suck, you can't get enough air in, or out

Asthma is a teriible thing to have,
though it is not curable yet,scientists are looking for a breakthrough,
for people without it,they are lucky

What does Aspartame's effects on the body.?

2009-11-07T06:40:00.001-08:00

I know it kills brain cells ,but I have heard that it can make you sick. Aspartame is the sweetner used for diet soda for anyone who doesn't know
Answers:
The controversial problems with aspartame are about what it is broken down into. Phenylalanine is the major amino acid breakdown product. This is seriously dangerous to people with the rare metabolic disorder called phenylketonuria. These people should never have aspartame because their bodies can not break down phenylalanine, and it becomes poisonous to their nervous systems. Phenylalanine is also the precursor for dopamine and adrenaline, and there has been some debate about its effects there.For all the information you need, go to wikipedia here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/aspartame.

watch lorenzos oil . has all the side affects

Supposedly Aspartame is linked to generalized pain, but most of the claims that is causes cancer or heart disease, etc. have been proven false in thousands of studies. If you can stomach the unpalatable aftertaste, I'm pretty sure you're safe.

phenylalanine is an essential amino acid. when aspatame breaks down, it takes form of phenylalanine. like most anything, too much of it can be a bad thing.p.s. it kills brain cells? really?

aspartame isn't a brain killer. if persons eat it very much it is show
some effects on nervous system such as Parkinson like syndrome
and act but this is reversible and if you stop using aspartame
or reduce it dose its side effect be disappear. aspartame isn't
dangerous material as people say

What does an Orderly (healthcare) do?

2009-11-07T06:40:00.000-08:00

Answers:
Orderly is a very out dated term that is rarely ever used in the health care industry today. It refers to persons who did the basic "non-skilled" work like cleaning bedpans or bathing patients. In today's health care systems Certified Nursing Assistants(CNA) are utilized in nursing homes and hospitals. Each facility may have a special name for them such as Patient Care Technician , but the name recognized by the states health care provider registry is CNA. Certification occurs after successful completion of the class and a comprehensive final exam which includes a written exam and a return demonstration of skills (ie. bed making, vitals signs, proper hand washing, etc.). Class are often offered by the Continuing Ed. Dept. at the local Community or Technical College. Average wage: $6-$10 per hour depending on experience.The hierarchy from lowest to highest are as followed:
Certified Nursing Assistant - CNA
Certified Nursing Assistant II - CNA II
Licensed Practical Nurse - LPN
Registered Nurse - RN

I think they do the grunt work at a hospital.. move patients around, deliver food, pills, etc., deliver samples and stuff to the labs.www.cafepress.com/myunclelarry

What does an odds ratio of 1.6 mean?

2009-11-07T06:39:00.003-08:00

In particular, is the statement: "The odds ratio of becoming obese among children increased 1路6 times for each additional can or glass of sugar-sweetened drink that they consumed every day. "The same as:Each glass of sugar-sweetened drink consume per day will increase a child's chances of becoming obese by 60%
Answers:
The other two responses are not entirely accurate. This is how it would be written: "The odds of becoming obese increased by 60% for each unit increase in can or glass of sugar drink consumed". This is the correct way to report odds ratio's. Remember that you can't confuse odds with risk ratios so never report it as someone is 1.6 times more likely than x. This is how many people report it in the literature, which is wrong.

Yep, they are essentially the same.

The odds ratio is a measure of effect size particularly important.
It is defined as the ratio of the odds of an event occurring in one group to the odds of it occurring in another group, or to a data-based estimate of that ratio. These groups might be men and women, an experimental group and a control group, or any other dichotomous classification. So if the probabilities of the event in each of the groups are p (first group) and q (second group). Then the ratio is what ever you come up with.

what does a woman feel when she has an orgasm? where does she feel it?

2009-11-07T06:39:00.002-08:00

Answers:
Flames hot enough to send an angel to hell ignite and rage through me until my body explodes, and spews forth the liquid flames of ecstasy.Then deep relaxation, very deep relaxation.

wait untill you become a woman

The feeling you have when you are on the tallest roller coaster and you come down so fast.no.or.when you are driving in the country and you go over a hill really fast and you go "woooooo".ummm..something like that.

Gooooooooooooooooooood!

What does a Neuropathogenesist do?

2009-11-07T06:39:00.001-08:00

Answers:
Hello Sarah,there is no conventional form of the word in a medical dictionary.But you have Neuropathogenesis. Which is the medical study that deals with The origin of the diseases of the nervous system.
Neuro-has to do with the nervous system
Patho---Has to do with disease or pathogens.
Genesis--Has to do with the origin.
However,in words coinage the addition of ..ist denotes a specialist in the field,(eg neurologist,pathologist,geneal. perhaps wanted to talk about a specialist in Neuropathogenesis.

Going by the components of the title, someone who deals with pathogens of the neural systems

neuro- sth to do with the brain, nervous system
patho- disease causing
genesis- formin, the beginningI think you mis-spelled the word with a addition T.
It means the discovery of the cause of a disease of the nervous system.

"The origin or development of a disease of the nervous system."
Thats neuropathogenesis, I would guess the -genesist studies that.http://medical-dictionary.thefreediction.

Pathogens are the beginnings of a disease and neuro relates to the brain, therefore by definition a neuropathogenesist studies diseases that begin within the brain.

neu路ro路path路o路gen路e路sis (nr-pth-jn-ss)
n.
The origin or development of a disease of the nervous system.

What does a gene array technique do?

2009-11-07T06:39:00.000-08:00

Answers:
Come on StingRay, the question wasn't that obscure. A google search for "gene array" brings up 146,000 hits. It's also known as a micro array. A micro array tests an array of genes. The idea is based on Northern blots, which is another way of testing interactions between RNA and DNA.The question a micro array tries to answer has to do with gene expression. It is useful to know, in a given type of cell, which genes are expressed, meaning that they are turned on, and which are not. The array basically looks at the content of transcripts in a cell, meaning the genes that have been made into RNA. When a gene is activated, RNA is produced from that segment of DNA, and then the protein is produced from the RNA (non-coding RNAs are a different topic). Looking at the messenger RNA transcripts, or mRNA, is a way of looking at gene activation.There are various ways of doing it, and you can check the links below for more specific technical information. The short story is that a slide is made that contains a set of short sequences that correspond specifically to different genes. An array might contain tens of thousands of genes. This slide is exposed to transcripts from a cell, and where there are matches, they will hybridize, or interact. So if a slide had 10,000 representations, you could expose it to, say, transcripts from a normal colon cell, and a certain number of genes would interact, meaning that those were turned on in that cell. You could also test lines from various colon cancers, and then see which interactions are the same, and which are different. This is a way of getting information about which genes may be involved in cancer, as well as in the development process that causes cells to define what type they will be.There are various ways of reading out the interaction. Typically, there is a fluorescent signal, and the strength of the signal tells how strong the interaction is, which indicates how highly the gene is expressed. This is all read by computer, and output into a graphic which typically shows upregulated genes in green, and downregulated genes in red. The results are analyzed by statistical methods, and to be sure they are valid, they need to be tested again in biological systems.

Grants Wishes? Give more details because I've been in this industry for 10 years now and never heard of such an animal.

I think you are talking about micro arrays used to screen.

What does a dream about loosing all your teeth meen?

2009-11-07T06:38:00.003-08:00

Answers:
most dreams are just nonsense.As far as both of you sharing similar dreams?. Autosuggestion.
I'd have to look at a detailed journal of what all is in these deams to tell you for sure. or you can talk to this woman. She's pretty amazing. http://www.margaretruth.com/pages/1/inde. You can call in on X96 Radio From Hell on Fridays morning show and talk to her as well (if you can get through..lol)
The Station can be heard via live feed on http://x96.com/ week day m-f 6-10 am B ut MArg is only on Friday

Someone that you love dies. But I think that's just a kind of supersticious.

If you have been dreaming about loosing your teeth for more than 4 weeks. GO GET SOME HELP!!

I have always heard that means a dream about LOSS in general, not necessarily about losing teeth, or death. Good luck!

I don't know. I often have dreams about wearing a retainer. Very weird. I read somewhere once that when you dream about wearing something like a retainer it means you want something in your life to change. That subconsciously you feel that you are being held back or trapped in a certain aspect of your life.

Dreams of losing your teeth generally mean two things: the first being that you may have said something that you now regret - the second is that you may be insecure about something - not necessarily the way your teeth or mouth looks but could be anything to do with your body or insecurity about something else - the way you act, come across to others, etc. Dreams of losing something, whether teeth, your purse or all your clothes almost always mean some form of insecurity so if you think this may be it, then it likely is.

What does a cockroach bite look like?

2009-11-07T06:38:00.002-08:00

Answers:
Cockroaches sometimes bite humans, but not often. Their bite by itself will not cause disease, but if the cockroach came into contact with disease-causing organisms before biting then a disease may be transmitted. The bite marks should appear as small, scabby areas. Sometimes sleeping infants are bitten around the mouth by cockroaches that are attracted to spilled milk or food in that area.

didn't know they bite.except maybe exotic breeds.but who keeps cockroaches as pets?

rochez dont bite

I didn't know they bite. Gross.

First of all yuck I hate bugs..and second THEY DON'T BITE STUPID!SOME PEOPLE ARE REALLY DUMB.UH DID I JUST SAY THAT OUT LOUD.

I learned something new here, that cockroaches can bite, if they are the right species.now, can you please tell me where you live so I can NEVER go there?

cockroaches don't bite.

what does a brown recluse spider bite look like on your stomach and can you die from one?

2009-11-07T06:38:00.001-08:00

spider bite on my brother in law stomach looks black in the hole red ans swollen around it hot and maybe i say about an inch probally as big as this-} ------.
Answers:
Whatever bit him it was nasty. Since there is no anti-venom it really doesn't matter. Get your brother in law to see a doc asap. He's unlikely to die of a bite but secondary infections could be lethal. More likely the longer he goes without treating it the more scarring and other possible damage that can be done.

Brown Recluse spider bites can be very nasty, causing large areas of skin to ulcerate. Even when it goes away, in some people it can come back. Check out some pictures on the web if you have a strong stomach.

The tissue typically undergoes necrosis, and occassionally a very large portion of the body (ie within a foot or more diameter of the bite) will necrophy. This can lead to amputation, death, etc.

what does .061gm/dl equal to in mg/ml?

2009-11-07T06:38:00.000-08:00

Answers:
.061 gm/dl = 61 mg/dl = 6.10 mg/ml

What's a gm? Gigameter? And how are we supposed to convert from gigameters to milligrams? A gigameter is a measure of length, while a milligram is a measure of mass.

What does "paravertebral" mean ? (explain)?

2009-11-07T06:37:00.002-08:00

Answers:
It means "around" the vertebrae. For example the paravertebral muscles are the two long muscle groups that run down your back on either side of the midline. A paravertebral tumor is one that lies around or adjacent to the spinal column.

it means on each sides of the vertebral column ie, the backbone.. like the sympathetic chain is present one on each side of the vertebral column!

I must agree. Para is from the latin for beside or on the side of, and vertebral means of or relating to the spine.It probably refers to the rest of the spinal column and any possible damage therin.

What does "Obligatory Carrier" mean in genetics?

2009-11-07T06:37:00.001-08:00

Answers:
Simply put: Obligatory carriers are of normal phenotype but have a parent that has a particular recessive disease that they carry and therefore are at risk of passing the trait on to their offspring.
More comprehensively put: Obligatory carrier is usually referred to in recessive diseases. It means that the person MUST be a carrier of a particular trait. For example hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease. If a man is born with hemophilia, all of his daughters automatically have to be carriers of the disease. This is because they have to get the X with the trait on it from their father. Now it is up to the mother whether the daughter will have hemophilia. If the mother is a carrier there is a 50/50 chance that the daughter will be a carrier or have the disease. If the mother is homozygous dominant then the daughter can only be a carrier. In autosomal recessive disease, if a parent has a recessive disease then all of their children must either carry the trait or have the disease because the parent with the disease can only give that trait to their child. It is up to which allele they get from the normal parent as to whether they have the disease.

Well, it's been a while since my last genetics course, but as I recall it, it's the offspring of a homozygous recessive individual with another individual. If one parent is homozygous recessive, and the other one homozygous dominant, the offspring will all be carriers of the recessive trait--which is what I recall being the meaning of "obligatory carrier" in the context of genetics.We used to breed 'em in Drosophila melanogaster for the fruit fly labs for students, years ago. We'd cross a strain that was homozygous redeyed with homozygous whiteyed, and then let the students try to figure out what was going on. The obligatory carriers would, when back-crossed, produce 1/4 homozygous dominant, 1/2 heterozygous and 1/4 homozygous recessive.

What does "microfalo" mean?

2009-11-07T06:37:00.000-08:00

Answers:
small penis

I am not quite sure, but I am sure of it being a hispanic term. Maybe it means Microfiber.

Just refering to the terms here. micro is latin for 'very tiny', falo is an hispanic term along the lines of 'falic'. see if this is an appropiate explanation according to the context where the word was used.

What does "2-3 bars steam pressure" mean?

2009-11-07T06:36:00.003-08:00

Answers:
1 Bar is defined as 14.5 PSI (pound-force per square inch). Standard atmospheric pressure is measured at sea level and some standard temperature, and is taken as 14.7 PSI. The BAR scale uses the 14.5 PSI as the standard sea level pressure. So 2 bar = 29 psi, where 2 standard atmospheres would equal 29.4 psi. The errors are small at pressures near the standard 1 atmosphere as 14.7 PSI. Steam is not really important to the question of pressure. Pounds per square inch applies to liquids, solids, and gases.

The bar (symbol bar) and the millibar (symbol mbar, also mb) are units of pressure. They are not SI units, but accepted (although discouraged) for use with the SI. The bar is still widely used in descriptions of pressure because it is about the same as atmospheric pressure.

what do you want done with your body after you die?

2009-11-07T06:36:00.002-08:00

personally i carry a donor card and have requested my cadaver by dontated the a local teaching hospital for studends to learn from by chopping it up.any parts that will make someone elses quality of life better should be used to do so. i saw a question about cryogenics made me think of asking - easy 2 points or go for the 10 please if your gonna go religious on me don't, trust me i wont convert to whatever your nutball cult wants me to believe
Answers:
I don't care because I am dead. I would prefer that it was used for science or my parts used but I don't think my husband would like that. I am Christian so I don't think I well need it after I am dead. If it can help someone that would be preferable.

Organs donated and the rest cremated.

I think I'd like to have all the sex I've missed out on in life.

burn it

Thanks for reminding me, I need to get a new donor card!Yep, I'd like to donate whatever is of use, and then they can burn the rest! No rotting in the ground for me thanks!

Me, I'm much like you; when I have left my body, I'd rather what can be salvaged to be used to help other people. Cryo-freezing, I don't think so. This life in this body; whatever comes after that, with just my soul. (I am a believer in incarnation, so I think I may come back and have a new round).

I would like to carry a donor card soon too. If I'm dead, how can my organs help to me? But if they can help to other, to save their lives, so why not?? But it's going to be hard to tell all that to my parents, cause they are kinda old-fashioned. But I guess it's my life, my choice. Anyway, respect to you!

I have a donor card, and after they take what they want, be burned, takes up less space, and hygenic

I want my brain to be donated to the transgender brain project, and the rest of me to be cremated. I don't believe in wasting ground putting my decaying body in it.

I want to be cremated - I have a condition which prevents me being an organ donor or I would.

Want to be cremated cant stand the thought of worms eating me up and go in and out of my nose and mouth

simply to dispose of my dead body by the most efficient means possible!

Organ donation sounds good and after that burn me!

im going to be buired so i can feed all the little wormies in the ground there no way ill get burnt im scared of fire it might kill me
lol

I do want my organs donated. I'm not sure about donating my entire body to science. I'm okay with the thought, but it might disturb my family. My husband's family is all buried in this little cemetery on their Texas ranch property. I'm kind of leaning towards being buried with them. I like the thought of being surrounded by open land. I do want my dog's ashes buried with me. That might seem strange, but I don't know if there are dogs in heaven/an afterlife. I at least want her close to my body.

Donate organs and cremate corpse. Ashes to be scattered anywhere convenient.

I want to be cremated and have my ashes scattered in Ganges, as my mum and dads were.
I think its a little rude to dismiss all religious points of view as those from cults.And Just because someone has religious beliefs doesnt mean they want everyone to think the same way.

Not bothered. I'll be dead. They'll probably hang my corpse from a lamppost, whilst cheering and clapping.
As for donating it to science / medicine. I smoke too much, for it to be any use to anybody, in a transplant way.

i dont think you can do both donating your organs and your cadivar to students the students will not be able to make use of your cadiver after organs have been removed and your organs will be of no use after the students have finished with your bodyi have told my husband that i want to donate my organs ( though i would also be willing to let my body be used by students or for medical reseach)but i refuse to carry a donor card they are totally useless as your next of kin will be asked permission to use your organs and it does not matter how passionately you want your organs to be used if your next of kin says no then the doctors can do nothingyour wishes will be ignored and your next of kins wishes will be granted

cremated i guess.mabye donate some internal organs ASAP to a good hospital.

be a free for all when I die, they can get whatever they want.
feed the rest to the dogs..

Turn me into handbags and sell them in kensington market.

As Mentioned in your question I am going to be Cryogenically supended

Not sure what use my body would be to anybody, but they can use it for whatever they want once I've finished with it. I don't think this cryogenics thing will come to anything for a long time, and I don't think I want to come back to 'life' so far in the future - the future of mankind doesn't look particularly rosy to me.

Now look, you've got me all depressed now!Marvin.

If I manage to die in England- only spend a couple of weeks a year there now , -I am with you. Have the card still and made it clear that the students can play doctor with what is left.If I die here in the middle east, I think that my kids will overrule whatever I want and will probably bury me with great haste ( the heat factor). Still, I would love for them to have a Leywah Band (local traditional music) accompany me on my journey to my final resting place as a celebration of a life lived well. Probably won't happen as it would really offend people of just about every religious creed here.Shame though!

Yes i believe in donar parts too and with whats left i would like to be turned into a shiny diamond thing.. Read about it once in the news paper that this guy had his wife turned into a diamond.. obviously it isnt a real diamond as it it is yellow in colour but hey just think how much money you could make if you turned eveyone into diamonds after they died.. I have so lost the plot today, sorry!!

I have donated my body to transplantation. But education is fine with me to. If I go to a monster museum or to a pet food factory it's fine with me, too.

I want to be buried face down on top of prunella scales

What I want is (I believe) illegal in this country, so I'd have to get some friends or family members involved.
So at my funeral, whether thats burial or cremation, I would get my 'colleagues' to steal my body then take it to some woods somewhere well away from where people might go walking, and just dump it on the ground.What a way to go!

I will decide.

what do you thinkl about test tube babaies? How do you feel about it?

2009-11-07T06:36:00.001-08:00

Answers:
"my mother was a test tube my father was a knife", Friday, written by R A Hienlien, i agree test tube babies are a good thing

umm idk never thought about it

I feel the same way about test tube babies as i feel about all babies. Conception inside the womb, conception outside the womb, whatever - the result is the same either way.

test tube babies are a good idea, although some fertility clinics use science to choose the gender of the child, i think it should be random selection like in nature, other wise i see nothing wrong with it.

What do you think of embryonic stem cell research?

2009-11-07T06:36:00.000-08:00

Do you think it is ethical? Should it be funded by the government? Please tell why and give sources. Thanks
Answers:
I am 100% against it. I believe beyond a shadow of a doubt, that with all the technology that we have today there is another way than by harvesting embroyos. Whether America would like to admit that an embryo is a living being or not, the fact still remains that it is. I am confident that God will supply us the knowledge and ability to reproduce stem cells another way.
http://www.stemcellresearch.org/.
http://www.biblebelievers.com/allthis.ht.

it's fine with me.

stem cell research has a very promising future. with it, we will have the chance to help people with many different types of problems because of the specializing capability of these stem cells. many embryoes are discarded all the time from abortions and ones put in cryogenic freezing for storage and are no longer needed. these are lives that are still going to waste. As long as its regulated and monitored strictly. There should be institutes that are certified to work with ESC's and have those regulated by a controlling body like the FDA or something along those lines. There are some negative things that can come from this but as long as they are regulated and monitored they can be kept to a minimum or prevented. I have taken a couple courses on animal biotechnology and small animal research where we also went into human applications of such things including transgenics. we learned the negatives and positives of both and held many class discussions. after going over these things over the years, i have concluded that there is too much of a potential for good for us not to use ESC's in research

wheather it is ethical or not depends on from exactly where and how these cells are harvested. they have discovered that stem cells can be taken from the umbilical cord, as well as the placenta for instance. this type of harvesting is non harmful to mother or baby. should the government? insofar as the gov. funds thousands of other scientific research projects they should include stem cell research. this research can lead to enormous and important breakthroughs which in turn can lead to cures for diseases birth defects and a host of other wonders. If they wont fund it then they at least ought to open the doors so others can do so leagally. (IMHO, sorry i don't have sources)

I am for it. There are frozen embryos from invitro fertilization that are never used. These embryos are already developing eggs. The eggs are destroyed after so many years. The eggs can be used to study various diseases, and find cures. So I say why not use something to benefit man kind instead of destroying it.

It's completely fine with me.
Whether it is ethical or not depends on how the results of the research will be used

What do you think is safer?

2009-11-07T06:35:00.003-08:00

Which medication do you think is safer for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder? For trichotillomania? Either Luvox or Anafranil? Here's the links to each one. Any opinions/suggestions would help!
www.psyweb.com/Drughtm/jsp/luv.
www.healthsquare.com/newrx/ANA.
Serious responses only, PLEASE!
Answers:
Hi! Well first of all, you should talk to a doctor who can determine which drug is best for you. That being said, I have OCD and I'am taking Paxil, which is also a SSRI (like Luvox). It has worked really well for me. However, different drugs work for different people. I am really careful about the medicines I take, and I visit my doctor regularly to check my meds and dosage. I do have strong withdrawl symptoms if I run out of my meds after 3 or 4 days.Personally, hemeopathy didn't work for me. I ended up very frustrated about taking them for so long and not feeling better.If you do have OCD, I hope you find treatment that's right for you and helps you feel better. It's hard but hang in there. Write again if you have any other questions.If you don't have ODC, I hope this info helps.

Safest medication is Aurvedic or Homoeopathy medicines.This may take a little longer time to cure,but no other side effects.Like Obsessive Compulsive Disorder,better you consult a Homoeopathy doctor.

I think Luvox is an SSRI, meaning you can't eat certain types of food (cheese for example), so it's a bit hard to stick to it. Anafranil has some irritating side-effects I think. Google them and see if you find some discussions from people who have taken them.

Only a doctor can evaluate you clinically (in personal and never by Web!) and prescribe the right medication for you.

This is not the place to ask such a question. Medications are prescribed according to its parmacology and the desired effect on a specific patient. MORE SO psychotropic medications. Given the same illness, different patients are going to react differenty to the same medications. Who to ask? YOUR PSYCHIATRIST!! That's why he went to school for 12 years after High School!

Anafranil belong to tricyclic antidepressant group while luvox belongs to SSRI which newer class with less side effect,belonged action and very effective.I think that all doctors now shifting to this group and I really prefer it

what do you think can change in our lifestlye,from the cuase of the genetic breakthrough in the next 50 years.

2009-11-07T06:35:00.002-08:00

Answers:
Genetic therapy to correct inherited diseases as well as spontaneous mutations (as in some cancers) may be decades away, but should be well under way in 50 years. Selective enhancement of favorable traits (taller, stronger, attractiveness, etc.) is probably much further out due to many interacting genetic pathways that would require simultaneous tinkering.

The biggest breakthrough will be the appreciation that lifestyle factors are the major determinant of clinical expressions of variations in the genome. In other words, phenotype is the product of genotype + ENVIRONMENT. Environment is the dominant factor.This principle is understood by many basic science researchers, but it is not generally appreciated by mainstream physicians or the media. The 'fifty-year rule' in medicine suggests it will be mid-century before this basic science concept becomes known and accepted.

What do you think are the major challenges in conducting a clinical trial over the internet?

2009-11-07T06:35:00.001-08:00

Answers:
unreliability of observations, not imperical observations and may untruthful answers from jokers..

getting accurate demographics

You can't give a pill via a web browser?

Having no idea who you are actually clinically trialing? People have been know to invent themselves. A 45+ paedophile may posse as an 13 yr old girl just to get photo's that they are after. (Just an example).

What do you think about stem cell research?

2009-11-07T06:35:00.000-08:00

Answers:
It is a great technology and Bush did the wrong thing.
I wonder if he needed a new kidney or heart and his life depended on it if he would have vetoed it?

a scientific miracle

I think it's a potential miracle, although it's more of an untapped resource right now.

Bush just vetoed it, which makes me hate him even more.
When I didn't think it was possible.
PS: I think stem cell is going to be to us what the pollio vaccination was in the 50s.
Life changing.

it's awesome technology that can save lives and improve the quality of living by allowing doctors to grow replacement organs that are 100% compatible with their hosts. Lung cancer? No problem. Get a new lung. Heart disease? We'll fix that too. This is the immediate goal. Who knows what hasn't been thought of.ohh yea. it takes an embryo that's only a few days old to harvest the stem cells. this kills the embryo.equals: psycho christians flipping out.solution: other contries will develop this information and the USA will lag behind.

Right to lifers and Bible thumpers need to chill out on this one and let the scientists experiment and tinker and research all they want. The potential benefit to all mankind far outweighs any right to moral posturing. This research could lead to cures (or at least treatments) for EVERYTHING! No more disease, sit back and imagine that for a moment. Then explain to a seven year old dieing from Lymphoma how you're too squeamish about dead fetuses to let them find a cure and save his life. Go ahead.

Bush has seen to it that america will fall behind the rest of the developed world. I wonder which country will be the next world power?Scientifically, I think it's great. It can lead to self-organ replacements for people who might not otherwise live. To all the "pro-life" people out there: it's not a human being until it's born, until then, it's just a developing animal, inside its mother. Why is this so hard to understand?Aren't you worth more now than when you were a week after conception??

great idea

I THINK ITS WRONG TO KILL AN EMBRYO JUST TO TRY AND SAVE SOMEONE ELSE. IT DOESN'T EVEN MAKE SENSE. YOU DON'T KILL SOMEONE TO SAVE SOMEONE. ITS STUPID AND ITS WRONG. BUSH DID THE RIGHT THING YESTERDAY WHEN HE VETOED ON THE STEM CELL RESEARCH. AND ALL CHRISTIANS WILL AGREE.

What do you think about Pluto being voted out of the Planetary Status?

2009-11-07T06:34:00.002-08:00

Pluto was voted by the scientists that it is no longer a planet. It seems peculiar to me because it has been a planet since approxiamately 1936, and what is the big deal? Why did they go to so much trouble over this? Does anyone know? Would you care to explain it to me?
Answers:
I am quoting a part of my answer,to a question on astrology."When I was doing my research in 1996 about the planetary classifications in the Indian astrological system,there were very strong references saying that there were actually only eight planets and the ninth was only a "Nilal grakam"(Roughly translated it would mean a shadow planet),but it still had to be considered for purposes of predictions.
I could not understand why such a classification was made.But now we see Pluto being brought down from the status of a planet.
Now it makes sense."Most of the,"Mythological stories"in the scriptures of the Hindu religion can be easily related to science.I have not acheived a substanstial level, in my research on the Bible and the Quran,(which I see has abundant information and knowledge,as I expected they would),therefore I am not using verses from them.I believe,a very long time ago,there was a high level of scientific knowledge and advancement.At some point there was a total wipe out (may be a nuclear holocaust and floods sometime later),and only a few survived.
These survivors had lived with advanced technology but didn't have any such technology to carry forward or didn't want to carry forward.But stories of technological advancements were passed down through many generations.As people started spreading again,different versions of these stories were written down,at different locations.These are the scriptures we have,which seem like predictions for the future,but are actually memories of their distant past.I know I have deviated too much.But it never hurts to know another's ideas.
You may take it seriously or just ignore it or hey make fun of it.

Pluto will always be a planet as far as I'm concerned. Or a Disney dog.Pluto was discovered by Dr. Clyde Tombaugh in 1928, by the way.

Astronomers do not want to be forgotten so they make a controversy out of nothing.

Probably because the little rascal isn't any bigger than our moon!Plus, it has an erratic orbit, that brings it past Neptune at times, so it can be considered just an asteroid by all scientific groups.The only big hullabaloo was that way back when, it was "amazing" that we could even "see" Pluto, with the primitive devices that we possessed. Now that we have Hubble, we can see more galaxies and phenomenas that pale in comparison, and so, the scientific yahoos, decided it was time for a reevaluation of long standing venues and pluto lost in the final equation.I wish you well..Jesse

I'm not about to let a self appointed panel of book worms and a geek tell me that they have the power to change the solar system to there liking. If they want there names in the annals of history than do something constructive. I will ignore there findings to the full existent of my ability's.An hold Pluto in it's rightful place in the immediate cosmos.

I think. the trouble with it is that the people don't like the changes, if tomorrow somebody comes to you and say: nothing is real, all is a big fat lie, maybe you belive it or don't, but if you believe it all will change, you family, your friends, everything. Maybe for you that Pluto don't be a planet anymore don't mean anything, but think about the older peole, all the life they know that above in the sky are eight planets. One day maybe a scientist'll tell us that the moon is only a rock floating in the space, and personally i still thinkig that it is our moon, not a rock.

What do you think about being an organ donor?

2009-11-07T06:34:00.001-08:00

Answers:
I am one. I'm not going to need my organs after I die anyway. When God gets ready to resurrect my body, He'll find 'em.

I am a donor of all major organs (heart, liver, kidneys, eyes, etc.) but am not a donor of my entire body. I'd like something to go in the casket.

If you are dead, why not give them to some child who might live and be happy that you did.

I think it is the least we can do, especially in death, for those that cling so desperately to life. I don't know about anyone else, but the thought of being able to do something to save someone else's life is pretty awe-inspiring to me.

I am an organ donor and I think it's a great idea. You can give others the opportunity to live a good life and once your dead, you don't need the parts anymore. I believe in recycling everything!

sometmes I think its good -other times not so good
like ok if some guy is a drunk and now he damaged his liver why should I give him mine when I die?
and ok so if somebody has a genetic illness and needs a new liver and I give them mine and they then have kids who also need livers. well I dont think it is right because the first person would have died and therefore not had kids which is part of genetic selection
and now lets face it the human population is WAY HUGE - do we really need to be saving people?on the other hand its basic human compassion to want to help

It's a great thing. It's like, the last selfless act you can accomplish after you die. I honestly don't understand what problem that some people may have with giving away their healthy organs after they die.

All my parts are free for the taking when I'm gone. But to be honest, in my heart of hearts. sometimes I wonder if people get "let go" because organs are so valuable. I hope not!

It is a selfless act of love.

I don't know. It kind of has a creepy feeling to it. I'm safe guarding mine !

I think if you were injured in an accident and they could save you, but the Governor needed your liver, you would die.
They might take it anyhow even if you weren't a donor and sew some cabbage up in it's place.Doctors are lawyers with knives.
---attributed to Roy Rogers

I'm not sure how I feel about this. I think that I should get to make stipulations on who gets my organs. I think that no alcoholic should get my liver.
My mom doesn't want me to donate, though.

noway, so long as im alive

When I am done with this body, I will have no use for it. If parts of me can go on to help others live, then why not?

What do you think about applying well controlled HIBERNATION TECHNIQUES on humans ?

2009-11-07T06:34:00.000-08:00

Answers:
Hello Eldon,Greetings. Hmm. Interesting idea you have there. Well-controlled hibernation techniques on humans. Planning for the next Ice age, eh? First of all, let me state that hibernation is a habit adopted by animals living in extreme climate to "adapt" themselves to the environment around them. It's not like a hobby or anything fun. As sentient beings, us humans perhaps, won't like to go in a "sleep" as long as a month or two. I mean c'mon! That'd be boring and humans are bored easily. Us humans value our lives more than any other species and would NOT like to sleep through it.Also, there's no need to do so. We are homeothermic beings living in environmental temperature well within the limits (as compared to the common hibernators- the polar bears who live in temperature as extreme as minus 37 degree Celsius). Also, note that our body temperature is not as easily affected by the surrounding temperature as some smaller mammals like squirrels etc.But yes, experiments on the Hibernation Induction Trigger HIT (read more about it here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hibernation. are being carried out in NASA and chances are that this chemical will help keep organs safe in storage for longer periods of time by lowering their metabolism.Nevertheless, as Stephen Hawking has stated here: http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/0003. , earth is subject to a lot of external and internal dangers in the next 100 or so years and we need to gear up for that. We might consider using HIT (see above) and modern gene manipulation tools to create an artificial metabolism suppressor mechanism to put ourselves to hibernation and lower our body's demands to survive longer and better in the Nuclear age, Third World War, Ice Age or a deadly comet hit.Thank you for the question.

in my opinion if those techniques could be applied over every single cell in the human body they would be worth it . i think it would be interesting to take advantage of this by applying it in people whit terminal deceases which are still whit out cure . however i do believe that for now on this is pure fiction and i pretty much think they would only make our lives shorter . however i do know that as i write this is the dream of every single scientific to be able to do it , maybe through nano technology . also think about how we are always evolving and making new discoveries , now think how behind or out of place u would feel if u were sleep for ten years or so and wake up suddenly just to find out how different the world is and how many people you did not had the chance to say good bye to .

sweet you can apply well controlled Hibernation Techniques on a human being man

what do you think about a biotech website geared towards the general public?

2009-11-07T06:33:00.003-08:00

Answers:
I think it's a great idea. The general public is pretty misinformed when it comes to science but maybe it's because they don't have a resource.

nothing really, if you feel like it give it a go anyway

stop talking about it and start doing it! ;)
and i think you should be nice to your girlfriend and buy her a present..

That depends on the website. If it conveys information accurately and correctly in a way that the general public will learn from, that's great. If it says that you should sacrifice a goat to ward off evil spirits you might want to look elsewhere for your biotech information!

what do you regard as important and understanding and experience of autism and those with special needs?

2009-11-07T06:33:00.002-08:00

Answers:
We are born the same.Anybody has specials needs.Everyone must to work to obtain what it is possible.So long we are just asking,will be heavy for all of us.We are the nature and the nature it is not wrong.The next day come for all with what it is.We can help us ,and I for You but and You for me,better understanding,better results!

firstly, it's important to have the right diagonis. secondly, educate yourself to the causes, rememdies, solutions, etc. (become aware) and lastly, with all the knowledge you acquire, apply it to those who need it. autism is certainly not hard to understand.

In autism and some special need disorders, the fundamental deficit is that there is no theory of mind - the person with the disorder cant visualize or understand the fact that other people have conscious experience and they might have different feelings and beliefs. Also, they may have difficulty understanding that another person has intentionality. I think that this is the core deficit behind these folks learning language in a functioning manner because this definetly involves understanding a theory of mind.

Remember that their behaviors have a purpose. Figuring out what the purpose of that behavior is and how to teach them the correct behavior to fulfill that purpose can be a challenge.There are somethings that you will look back on and laugh. So when your having difficulty, remember you might get to laugh about it later.

What do you predict for the next super weightloss drug, Acomplia?

2009-11-07T06:33:00.001-08:00

The first FDA approved drug for the endocannabinoid system is about to be prescribed for weightloss, followed by smoking cessation. Do you think it is a superdrug? It's side-effects include increased memory! Whoa! What do you think?Drug name: Acomplia (aka. Rimonabant, aka. SR141716) from Sanofi-Aventis
Answers:
Well it doesn't look like it is a superdrug for weightloss and I think you are not objective about the drug. I bet it has some negative side effects. If it doesn't then I think it would be used as a drug for anything other than weightloss. Most likely it will be used for smoking cessation or for increasing short term memory and the doctor would tell you that you would lose 20 pounds a year as a side effect. It might even be prescribed for Korsakoff's Syndrome in addition to Thiamine.

I predict it will be like all weight loss drugs.not needed! Eat less+workout more! Always works!

I agree with hysteria777. Self control and staying fit beats any drug.

There are no superdrugs, as there are no supermen.Or - at least - I don't like this terminology. I don't like to exagerate in my life. This can be an effective medicine that will help in weight loss, as other did in the past. And why should we underevaluate Xenical(active substance : orlistat, company : Roche) that has another meccanism of action of course, but has been proven effective and having very few(known) adverse reactions?
As you have posted your Q, I can't understand if you refer to the economical success of the matter or to the acceptance by the public, as a breakthrough medicine.
From my experience, I think that the economical success will depend mostly from his prescription for smoking cessation, at least in Europe. This bad habbit is very frequent and I have more clients in my pharmacy asking about help for smoking cessation than loosing weight.Anyway, it is an interesting issue and I will try to come back afterwork(today, I am on duty in the pharmacy)and explain the meccanisms of action of the medicines that I have mentioned above, if somebody else will not do it before me.Katerina

We actually just had a seminar on this drug today. The drug Acomplia is a inverse agonist for the cannabinoid recptors. in other words, it does the opposite of smoking marajuana. it is supposed to be an appetite suppressant, increase short term memory, smoking cessation. Clinical studies showed that the drug only caused a very moderate weight loss - about 20 pounds in a year. Not really that great. But they are marketing it as a drug that would increase the quality of life. There is some kind of marketing/pharmacy phrase for it, but i can't remember it right now. The financial success of the drug will be pretty good from what i understand. The research on cannabinoid receptors is really taking off right now.gokay05tac - the one major concern about a side effect is dysphoria. in other words, if some one is depressed and takes this drug, it might complicate the matter. that could be a major concern especially if it is recommended for weight loss in a person that eats when they are depressed.

anthrax

what do you mean by erctile dys function, what are the treatments for the above?

2009-11-07T06:33:00.000-08:00

Answers:
you can't let the whole damn thing stand or be hard if you have ED.
for the treatments avoid smoking, diet, exercise, avoid sugars and caffeine, take in vitmains, have a general lifestyle advice. meditation, yoga, relaxing and avoid stress as much as possible.
for the medications. levitra, cialis, viagra. viagra is the number one doctor prescribed for ED.
but you should always consult your doctor. bec. sildenafil citrate may have effects on your heart. it is essential that you should always go to a doctor if you want the medications for ED.

The inability to achieve full erection. Viagra and Levitra are available to "treat" ED.

what do you mean by asceptical process?

2009-11-07T06:32:00.000-08:00

Answers:
An optical computer is a computer that uses bound electrons in isolating crystals instead of free electrons in transistors for computation. Its digital signals are modulated onto a carrier wave in the visible region. No modulator or demodulator exists, because the base band offers only 10 GHz bandwidth whereas the visible band offers 10 THz. It is similar to performing digital computation by a radio.One fundamental limit is the size. Optical fibres on an integrated optic chip are ten times wider than the traces on an integrated electronics circuit chip. The crystals have the same cross-section as the fibres, but need a length of about 1 mm and so are much larger than a transistor. Therefore signal traveling times will be large.A more practical limit is the crystal. Current crystals need light with 1 GW/cm虏 intensity. And as a typical die (in microelectronics) is about 1 cm虏, and some absorption takes place, this means kilowatts of power consumption, which only allows pulsed operation, but nanotubes may reduce this in the future.The biggest advantage in the near future is the synergy with optical telecommunication.

hmmm1

The process of preventing infection, free of
microorganisms.

A process in which living pathogenic organisms are absent, it is a sterile process.

Did you mean aseptic?It means the removal of microbes and contaminating matter, so that the thing involved is sterile and thus, eliminating the possibilities of infection.

Asceptical means you are gullible, and do not question anything.Aseptic technique is used in laboratories to ensure that sterile samples remain sterile or that no outside contaminants enter a system or microbiological culture.

Inflammation can be septic and aseptic.
Septic processes (inflammations) are those caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Examples of such inflammation are: tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, or meningitis caused by meningococcus.
Aseptic process is inflammation with all it's signs: 1. calor (raised temperature), 2. dolor (pain), 3. rubor (redness), 4. tumor (swelling), and 5. functio laesa (impaired function). The cause of this inflammation isn't microorganism, but substance that is foreign to the body (or that part of body). For instance, if gall comes in touch with peritoneum (when gallbladder ruptures) it can cause peritonitis (inflammation in abdomen) even though there are no pathogen microorganisms in gall. If there is extensive necrosis in some part of the body, it can also cause inflammation. For example, when bone is crushed but skin isn't penetrated - no microorganisms have entered - osteomielitis can appeare. That is inflammation with its 5 signs.
One note, in every inflammation (septic or aseptic) it is not necessary for all 5 signs to appear, and all combinations are possible.

I assume you mean asceptic technique. Once an area of a patient has been sterlized, you would use mask, gloves, gown, and not touch anything on or about the patient/area being operated upon.

what do you know about stem cell research? any programmes where you are??

2009-10-24T18:37:00.001-07:00

Answers:
Stem Cells are blank or generic cells that have not specialised. By manipulating such cells they can be led to specialise and can have an important replacement for tissue or a regeneration effect. There are two basic sources of such stems cells:1. Foetal--from aborted babies. This is a good source but is full of ethical issues2. Adult--certain cells can be developed from adult tissue. This is much less controversialThis technology promises a range of treatments for illnesses that have plagued mankind.

Nothing. No. Only stems I know of here come from mushrooms.

I don't know about that, but i know my husband's life was saved by cloning HGH and by stem cell research. He has diabetes insipidus(water diabetes) and a thyroid condition caused by a brain tumor. Without the research, he'd have died.

stem cell research is all about taking cells for furture purpose. For treatment of diseases like bone marrow cancer

stem cells are non-specialized cells (everyone has this) which, by precise control by our body's control mechanisms can become any cell (e.g. skin cells, liver cells, blood cells). Embryonic stem cells (stem cells which are obtained from embryos=undeveloped fetuses) are the ones of considerable interest for researchers because these stem cells are capable of generating entire organs (though not yet proven)

What do you have to do when you want to be a doctor of oriental medicine; (herbalist, a herb doctor?)?

2009-10-24T18:37:00.000-07:00

Answers:
It depends - it is the difference between a surgeon and a pharmacist. You might want to Google _oriental medicine careers_ to get an idea of the range of openings.The American College of Acupuncture %26 Oriental Medicine Master's degree admissions requirements are
"60 college semester hours or 90 quarter hours in any field must have received 42 credits of general education courses. In addition, those students admitted with 60 semester hours or 90 quarter hours will have to complete, if they have not already done so, at least 11 credits of basic science courses within the first two years of study."
http://www.acaom.edu/en/cms/?360.

Why to put so much effort into Quackery?
Isn't it better to study the scholar medicine first and then do research work to find substances that really works.

if you are interested in OM you must complete your studies at an accredited school in order to sit for national boards. here's a place to start: http://www.nccaom.org/ if you want to practice in CA, you must graduate from a CA approved school (their standards are much higher) http://www.acupuncture.ca.gov/
most schools are 3yrs full time, and offer part time tracks as well. there is another useful website: www.tcmstudent.com you'll want to think about which aspect of OM you're interested in - the esoteric, traditional, integrative etc. Be sure to visit a few schools, talk to as many people as you can and make sure to get some treatments by the students at the school. If you are only interested in herbology, then you'll want to finish a herbalist program which is quite different and not necessarily oriental based (such as western herbology )http://www.americanherbalistsguild.com/.
best of luck!

What do you guys think about Doctor-Patient Relationships? Good or Bad?

2009-10-24T18:36:00.003-07:00

I just want to get your opinions cos I think its bad and during a converstaion with a friend whos is a medical student, she said its a good thing as long as it doesn't intefere with the Doctor's work. How true can that be?
Answers:
Are you saying "Doctor-Patient" relationship as in DATING? Because thats probably not what the medical student means. Doctor-Patient relationship refers to the interaction of physicians and patients on a professional basis.Physicians aren't supposed to date their patients, since that violates the "doctor-patient" relationship.

As long as it's professional it's a good thing.If it's a personal relationship, it depends. If the patient is still under treatment, i'd say it's not good. When it's outside practice and won't interfere with treatment, i think it's okay.I personally prefer not to get too personal with my patients.

I was told a long time ago "Don't ** (defecate) where you eat". If you're talking about sex between Dr. and Patient is not advisable and unprofessional.

What do you give a medical student for graduation?

2009-10-24T18:36:00.002-07:00

We have a friend graduation med school. Are there certain gifts that medical students wish or hope to get upon graduation unique to their profession?
Answers:
I think most medical students would have all the equipment they need by now (i.e stethoscope, coat etc).How about something they can use on the job that will remind them of you when they are pulling double shifts etc!Maybe a nice fountain tip pen, or an original silk tie, a watch. Something sentimental.. get it engraved for something a bit more special.

Lots of money to pay off tuition expenses.

How about a cane, they must be pretty ancient by the time they graduate.

Of course: Depending on how much you want to spend, you can go with an engraved plaque with the Hippocratic Oath on it, a beautiful personalized business card holder for their desk, actually anything with the phrase Dr. and the grads name is always appreciated! If you want more ideas there's an internet company called "For Council" that has gifts for doctors/lawyers/ other professionals.Best of luck

A private practice in beverly hills.

something that they could use after they graduate.you could give them a stethoscope or any medical apparatus they could surely have a use for.if you have a lot of cash to burn, why not give them a place to start his own clinic? :D

a beer and a pat on the back

I agree with the previous answer - lots of money for the student loans. Also, lots of NoDoze - going through residency will cause them to miss a lot of sleep.

How about the classic leather Doctor's bag? Most of the students I came across have the equipment needed, but are carrying backpacks or stuffing things into lab coat pockets. Much more impressive to carry the black bag.

As medical practioneer, me think they have a "creed" to help people who are in need, unless ITS NOW ALL ABOUT MONEY. Me think give your friend a plane ticket to a place where his profession is needed most for say 3 months and the experience should make him worthy of the profession he/she choose for the rest of his/her career.

I dont agree.. as a med student i would really be offended if someone gives me money,, its not so great as a gift, its more like charity lol.
well u could maybe get this person either:
a cruise ticket. the mate needs a break after all this suffering
or a mobile phone.. great gift.. everyone needs a change when they go to the occupation world

Physician's coat, stethoscope, pen light or maybe a darn nice pen.

a doctor's visit

an apple

What do you feel the field of medicine/ dentistry/optometry etc. will be like in 2010?

2009-10-24T18:36:00.001-07:00

Answers:
All of these fields are expanding due to the number of baby boomers needing medical, dental, and vision care. All are rewarding professions with lots of opportunities.

slightly better and much more complicated.

What do you do to relieve the pain of braces?

2009-10-24T18:36:00.000-07:00

Answers:
Remove the brace and accept how you are.

I took Ibuprofen. That's the only thing that helped when I had braces. Otherwise, just tough it out. I had them for 6 years.

if you are talking about the headaches or mouth aches it gives, then tylenol helps, if you are talking about what they do to the inside of your mouth, only thing i know of is the wax they give you.

Just think of how good your gonna look when u get them off.

what. i just bear the pain. welcome to life! lol

oragel. it works really well.

I would take an anti-inflammatory like Ibuprofen, Alleve, or Orudis. Even aspirin is good. Tylenol is good for the pain, but it is not an anti-inflammatory. Good Luck!

What do you do if you have a choking chicken? IM SERIOUS NO JOKE!?

2009-10-24T18:35:00.003-07:00

like if it has sand loged in its throat what do you do? no bad answers l am a farmer l own 39 chickens 3 horses and four ducks
Answers:
put that chicken out of its misery and have dinner

Dont grip it so tight

Modified Heimlich manover, perhaps?

Bad case. If its still alve, rush it to a vet or else eat it.

Scold the chiken harshly and Give the chicken one doller and ask him to go for a doctor. Oh! remember to advise it not to eat sweatmeats on the way. Unless, he will waste your doller. If the sickness doesn't go after that treatment and it still seems to be choking, make him eat chalks s much as possible. It will like it. Be sure you give it a cup of milk daily. Don't give it any grains. You must give it a smile everymorning instead of grains and ask it how do you feel today? When you can find some chicken meat ask it, "Do you like chicken meat?" Seriousely, I recoomend you above remedies. (please take this as a joke. Hope you would like it. Truely, I don't know anything about chikens and I am really sorry I couldn't help you. I know you must be very upset because of this. I just saw your question so I had a temptation to answer. Forgive me if I have hurt you by my innocent joke)

there is nothing you can do other then put it out of its misery.

Some kind of farmer you are. Why ask the people on here?

get off the computer and give it some water..if that deosnt do the trick, blow air down its throat..or feed it wet food.

what do you consider freakish?

2009-10-24T18:35:00.002-07:00

Answers:
Hermaphrodites, and Michael Bolton fans

people that voted for bush even though it was against their best interest.

people who act retarded.think the wrong way of things, [ALL THE TIME], who get stared at digustingly, acts stupidly in front of people鈾?and all the things people think about that is freakish is WEIRD, but everyone is weird, mostly not freakish

People who are perfectly sane.

i think that noses are weird..no reason why i just think they are weird.

torture